Insight into African meteorite finds: Typology, mass distribution and weathering process

Ouknine, Lahcen; Khiri, Fouad; Ibhi, Abderrahmane; Heikal, Mohamed Th. S.; Saint-Gerant, Thierry; Medjkane, Mohand

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2019.103551

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…After tentative pairing of the meteorites, the DCAs with more than 10 collected meteorites include Kumtag, Loulan Yizhi, Hami, and Lop Nur. The mass of desert meteorites from China is mainly concentrated between 10 and 1000 g with a peak between 100 and 1000 g, which is consistent with that from Africa (peak between 100 and 1000 g), but inconsistent with that from both Australia (peak between 10 and 100 g) and Antarctica (peak at <10 g) (Ouknine et al, 2019). The mass distribution of collected meteorites from Loulan Yizhi and Lop Nur shows a maximum within 10–100 g, while those from Kumtag and Hami are mainly distributed in the range 100–1000 g. The mass distributions of these DCAs correspond to those of DCAs from other deserts such as Tieret, Bir Zar, UAE, San Juan, Dhofar, and Acfer (Aboulahris et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The mass distribution of collected meteorites from Loulan Yizhi and Lop Nur shows a maximum within 10–100 g, while those from Kumtag and Hami are mainly distributed in the range 100–1000 g. The mass distributions of these DCAs correspond to those of DCAs from other deserts such as Tieret, Bir Zar, UAE, San Juan, Dhofar, and Acfer (Aboulahris et al, 2019). The difference in the mass distribution of collected meteorites from China, Africa, Australia, and Antarctica is mainly explained by the differences in surface features and collection methods (Ouknine et al, 2019). For instance, smaller meteorites are easier to be recognized with the generally white to blue background in Antarctica in contrast to the background of hot desert (Zolensky et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some typical DCAs of the Kumtag Desert, the numbers of ordinary chondrites of each type are as follows: Kumtag (7H/33L/2LL), Alatage Mountain (2H/3L), Loulan Yizhi (15H/24L/4LL), Hami (8H/11L/1LL), and Lop Nur (6H/8L). These ordinary chondrites type ratios are all characterized by a dominance of L chondrites, followed by H, and then LL chondrites, which is the opposite of DCAs from Sahara, Algeria, and Libya (Aboulahris et al., 2019; Ouknine et al, 2019). The dominance of L chondrites in the deserts of China may result from the lack of a systematic recovery method for the ordinary chondrite collection or might be caused by an insufficient pairing due to the lack of accurate information about the ordinary chondrites other than our samples studied in this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The distribution of the desert meteorites in China and their classification

Fan

Peng³

et al. 2022

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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In recent years, numerous meteorites have been collected in desert areas in northern and western China. We describe the environment of some deserts in this region, and the petrological and mineralogical characteristics of 49 of the recovered ordinary chondrites. They consist of 14 H chondrites, 33 L chondrites, and 2 LL chondrites. Of the 300 desert meteorites with approved names from deserts in China, there have been 287 ordinary chondrites, six iron meteorites, one CO3 chondrite, one diogenite, one ureilite, one brachinite, one eucrite, and one EL7 chondrite. Forty‐two dense meteorite collection areas (DCAs) have been defined, mainly located in northern and western China. The meteorites collected are mainly from the Kumtag DCA, followed by the Alatage Mountain, Loulan Yizhi, Hami, and Lop Nur DCAs. After tentative pairing of the meteorites, we estimate that the ordinary chondrites account for 72% of the desert meteorites collected in China, with 63 H chondrites, 133 L chondrites, and 20 LL chondrites. This dominance of L chondrites contrasts with other deserts, which may result from the insufficient collection or bias in pairing of ordinary chondrites. The mass distribution of meteorites from different DCAs in China is consistent with that from DCAs in Africa. Based on the available information and the meteorite flux model proposed by previous studies, we suggest that the time over which meteorites have been accumulated in the southern Hami DCA might be >10 kyr. Therefore, the southern Hami region is currently the most suitable area for meteorite collection in China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The distribution of the desert meteorites in China and their classification

Fan

Peng³

et al. 2022

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…All these minerals were formed by a wide variety of mechanisms, including terrestrial alteration. Moreover, the main factors influencing the terrestrial alteration process of a meteorite include the climate of the area where it fell, its mass, its terrestrial age, and its initial porosity (Ouknine et al 2019). The present study does not have the ambition to explain all the possible terrestrial alteration sequences that can occur in EC but more modestly to focus on the alteration of its three major minerals (metallic alloy, sulfides, enstatite) under aqueous acidic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Aqueous alteration and bioalteration of a synthetic enstatite chondrite

Avril

Malavergne

Hullebusch

et al. 2021

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Understanding the transformations of highly reduced enstatite chondrites (EC) in terrestrial environments, even on very short timescales, is important to make the best use of the cosmochemical and mineralogical information carried by these extraterrestrial rocks. Analogs of EC meteorites were synthesized at high pressure and high temperature. Then, their aqueous alterations, either abiotic or in the presence of the bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans or Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, were studied under air, at pH~2, 20°C, and atmospheric pressure. They stayed in shaken batch reactors for 15 days. Reference experiments were carried out separately by altering only one mineral phase among those composing the synthetic EC (i.e., sulfides: troilite or Mg-Ca-rich sulfides, enstatite, and Fe 70 Si 30 ). Composition of the alteration aqueous media and microstructures of the weathered solids were monitored by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Alteration sequence of the different mineral components of the synthetic EC was found to occur in the following order: magnesium-calcium sulfides > troilite > iron-silicon metallic phase > enstatite regardless of the presence or absence of the microorganisms. Such small biological effects might be due to the fact that the alteration conditions are far from biologically optimal, which is likely the case in most natural environments. The exposed surfaces of an EC meteorite falling on Earth in a wet and acidic environment could lose within a few hours their Ca-and Mg-rich sulfides (oldhamite and niningerite). Then, in <1 week, troilite and kamacite could be altered. In a wet and acidic environment, only the enstatite would remain intact and would weather on a much slower geological timescale.

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“…It could uncover its parent body and its process while entering the earth's atmosphere. However, firstly meteorites are encountered, ideal conditions are often not achieved [6,7]. Rapid natural weathering and unintentional violence can ensue, degrading the object's authenticity, including its shapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Modelling of Meteorite from Astomulyo Village, Lampung, Indonesia by Close Range Photogrammetry (CRP) Methods

Harbowo

Sitorus²,

Agustina³

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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This research was conducted to 3D model our meteorite collection based on photo-capturing. This meteorite are from Astomulyo, Central Lampung, Indonesia. It entry the earth's atmosphere and was found on January 28, 2021. The chance of object degradation nearly appears over time, so It is very urgent to obtain the 3D model of the object for further research necessary. 3D modelling was carried out using a non-metric camera to conduct the close-range photogrammetry method. It applies to modelling the objects based on photo data using the concept of collinearity by using a central projection system on the camera to record. The collinearity will produce an object point between the camera center and the object cloud point. Hence, this process forms the object model from the appropriate image projection, the tie point with the triangular irregular network model. As a result, it produces the DTM (Digital Terrain Model) object formation using stand-alone photogrammetric software, raster graphics, and 3D modelling software.

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Insight into African meteorite finds: Typology, mass distribution and weathering process

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

The distribution of the desert meteorites in China and their classification

The distribution of the desert meteorites in China and their classification

Aqueous alteration and bioalteration of a synthetic enstatite chondrite

3D Modelling of Meteorite from Astomulyo Village, Lampung, Indonesia by Close Range Photogrammetry (CRP) Methods

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