Insight into Dynamic of Mono and Hybrid Nanofluids Subject to Binary Chemical Reaction, Activation Energy, and Magnetic Field through the Porous Surfaces

Abstract

The mathematical modeling of the activation energy and binary chemical reaction system with six distinct types of nanoparticles, along with the magnetohydrodynamic effect, is studied in this paper. Different types of hybrid nanofluids flowing over porous surfaces with heat and mass transfer aspects are examined here. The empirical relations for nanoparticle materials associated with thermophysical properties are expressed as partial differential equations, which are then interpreted into ordinary differential expressions using appropriate variables. The initial shooting method converts the boundary condition into the initial condition with an appropriate guess and finally finds out an accurate numerical solution by using the Runge–Kutta method with numerical stability. Variations in nanoparticle volume fraction at the lower and upper walls of porous surfaces, as well as the heat transfer rate measurements, are computed using the controlling physical factors. The effects of the flow-related variables on the axial velocity, radial velocity, temperature, and concentration profile dispersion are also investigated. The Permeable Reynolds number is directly proportional to the regression parameter. The injection/suction phenomenon associated with the expanding/contracting cases, respectively, have been described with engineering parameters. The hybrid nanoparticle volume fraction (1–5%) has a significant effect on the thermal system and radial velocity.

Electroosmotic microchannel flow of blood conveying copper and cupric nanoparticles: Ciliary motion experiencing entropy generation using backpropagated networks

“…The activation energy of Arrhenius and the efficiency of convective heat transfer in radiative hybrid nanofluid flow are investigated by Jayaprakash et al [27]. Raza et al [28] investigated the dynamic behavior of monoand hybrid nanofluids passing through porous surfaces while subjected to a binary chemical reaction, uniform magnetic strength, and activation energy. Haq et al [29] performed a computational investigation of MHD Darcy-Forchheimer hybrid nanofluid flow across a stretching surface under the impact of the chemical reaction and activation energy.…”

“…Raza et al. [28] investigated the dynamic behavior of mono‐ and hybrid nanofluids passing through porous surfaces while subjected to a binary chemical reaction, uniform magnetic strength, and activation energy. Haq et al.…”

Unsteady hybrid nanofluid ($$UO_2$$, MWCNTs/blood) flow between two rotating stretchable disks with chemical reaction and activation energy under the influence of convective boundaries

“…In this context, it becomes much important to incorporate chemical reaction effects in order to analyze the flow problem in this study. Other researchers including Hamid et al 24 , Salahuddin et al 25 , McCash et al 26 , Raza et al 27 and Nisar et al 28 explored effects of chemical reaction with activation energy on various non-Newtonian and nanofluid models. Saleem et al 29 studied the effects of chemical reaction on flow of a second-order viscoelastic fluid with heat generation effect.…”

Designing Hyperbolic Tangent Sigmoid Function for Solving the Williamson Nanofluid Model

“…The morphological nanolayer effects on the hybrid nanofluids' flow are discussed by Qureshi et al [18]. The mono/hybrid nanofluids dynamics, subject to magnetic field, activation energy, and a binary chemical reaction using the porous surfaces, is presented by Raza et al [19]. The heat transfer deterioration of supercritical water flowing in a vertical tube through the suspension of alumina nanoparticles is discussed by Khan et al [20].…”