Insight into Salivary Gland Proteomes of Two Polyphagous Stink Bugs: Nezara viridula L. and Halyomorpha halys Stål

Abstract

The invasive brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys Stål, and the southern green stink bugs (SGSBs), Nezara viridula L., are widely distributed in Europe, even if the date of introduction and the diet differ. Saliva of Hemipteran pests plays essential roles in the interaction between insects and their host plants. The salivary proteomes of several aphid species have been studied and found to differ according to the species, while no comparative investigation between phytophagous stink bugs has been performed yet. Here, the salivary proteins from two bugs, BMSB and SGSB, are analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD011920 and PXD011976. A total of 238 and 305 proteins are identified in salivary glands of BMSB and SGSB, respectively. In comparison with salivary proteome from other Hemiptera, the most striking feature of the salivary gland proteomes of SGSB and BMSB is the similar pattern of protein functions between both species. Some of the proteins are speculated to play a significant role in plant-insect interactions. The results herein provide a framework for future research to elucidate the molecular basis of differential impact of piercing-sucking insects on host plants.

A Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of the Diaphorina citri Salivary Glands Reveals Genes Responding to Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus

“…In Schlechtendalia chinensis, 141 proteins were obtained from SG by an LC-MS/MS analysis (Yang et al, 2018). A similar result was found in the SG proteomes of Nezara viridula and Halyomorpha halys, identifying 305 and 238 proteins, respectively (Serteyn and Francis, 2019). Compared with these studies, we identified slightly more proteins in the SG of D. citri, and our data provide valuable information for further study of functional protein activity in the SG.…”

Digestive activity and organic compounds of Nezara viridula watery saliva induce defensive soybean seed responses

“…Most previous studies focused on combinations of oral secretions and regurgitates from chewing insects like caterpillars 19 , 20 , 26 – 28 . Research on piercing-sucking insects—with the exception of a study on the brown marmorated stink bug ( Halyomorpha halys ) 13 —has mostly focused on intact salivary gland tissue rather than the isolated saliva 12 , 15 . Thus, it is possible that in previous studies, the identified compounds and cellular proteins were from both accessory and principal glands.…”

“…Although proteomic research on gut and salivary glands of H. halys has recently published 12 , 13 , 15 , there still remains a lack of knowledge on possible effectors of N. viridula watery saliva triggering the soybean defense responses 21 , 24 , 32 . To this end, we used NMR to investigate metabolites in the insect oral secretion, a powerful tool that has been barely used in entomology field 33 .…”

“…The insects’ oral secretion is one of the first fluids to come in contact with the plant during herbivory and has been thoroughly studied in caterpillars 10 and aphids 11 . Though some information on gut and salivary glands of piercing-sucking insects is available 12 – 15 , the composition of Nezara saliva has not been studied. Most research about digestive enzyme secretion in insects has been conducted on aphid midgut cells 16 or oral secretions and regurgitant of caterpillars.…”

Applications of Proteomic Tools to Study Insect Vector–Plant Virus Interactions

“…However, buffers used for dissection and tissue collection have not been well-described for insect vectors of plant viruses. Based on the knowledge from other insect tissue collections, different dissection buffers used included 1X phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.00, [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]) with or without protease inhibitors, ringer solution (123 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM CaCl ₂ , 5 mM KCl, [ 48 , 49 ]) and lysis buffer (9.5 M urea, 2% CHAPS, pH 3–10 and 1% dithiothreitol (DTT), [ 50 ]). For certain insect vectors, such as aphids, specific protein extraction methods were optimized [ 51 ].…”