Insight into sensory characteristics and volatile differences of freeze-dried Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. flower essential oil-casein phospholipid nanocomposites sustained-release scented tea by combining GC-E-nose and SBSE-GC-MS

Xie, Dongchao; Zhou, Yingying; Wang, Yuan; Xu, Longjie; Yang, Chaofeng; Zhang, Guolin; Zhang, Haihua; Du, Qizhen; Jin, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110714

Food Control

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110714

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Insight into sensory characteristics and volatile differences of freeze-dried Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. flower essential oil-casein phospholipid nanocomposites sustained-release scented tea by combining GC-E-nose and SBSE-GC-MS

Dongchao Xie,

Yingying Zhou,

Yuan Wang

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

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Recent Developments in Citrus aurantium L.: An Overview of Bioactive Compounds, Extraction Techniques, and Technological Applications

Fernández-Cabal,

Avilés-Betanzos,

Cauich-Rodríguez

et al. 2025

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This review provides an overview of recent developments in Citrus aurantium L. (sour or bitter orange), focusing on its bioactive compounds, innovative extraction techniques, and technological applications. C. aurantium is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids (naringin, hesperidin, kaempferol, quercetin), essential oils (β-pinene, limonene), and vitamin C, which represents significant biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. The review discusses traditional extraction methods, such as solvent extraction and hydrodistillation, alongside newer, eco-friendly approaches like ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and natural deep eutectic solvents. It also highlights cutting-edge techniques, including molecular imprinting polymer-based extraction, which enable the more efficient enrichment and purification of specific compounds like synephrine. Finally, the review examines the diverse industrial applications of these bioactive compounds in sectors such as foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, while emphasizing the growing need for sustainable and efficient extraction technologies.

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Recent Developments in Citrus aurantium L.: An Overview of Bioactive Compounds, Extraction Techniques, and Technological Applications

Fernández-Cabal,

Avilés-Betanzos,

Cauich-Rodríguez

et al. 2025

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Unveiling the Floral Scent Dynamics of Calamondin (Citrus × microcarpa) Across Developmental Stages

Chen,

Liang,

Chen

et al. 2024

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The calamondin (Citrus × microcarpa) is highly valued for its ornamental appeal and rich aromatic compounds, making it suitable for therapeutic gardens and widely applicable in the cosmetics, food, pharmaceutical, and perfume industries. Despite its importance, there is a lack of research on its floral volatiles. This study utilized headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS–SPME–GC–MS) to detect the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of calamondin at different floral developmental stages: bud (BS), half-open (HS), full bloom (FS), and senescence (SS). Multivariate statistical analysis was employed to elucidate the aromatic characteristics. The results identified 67 VOCs across the four stages, including forty-eight terpenoids, six esters, five aromatics, four aldehydes, one olefin, one alcohol, and two others. Thirty-three VOCs were common across all stages, while BS, HS, FS, and SS had three, three, four, and nine unique VOCs, respectively. The total VOC content increased initially and then decreased as the flowers developed, with terpenoids being the predominant compounds, accounting for over 90% of the total emissions at all stages. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis confirmed significant differences in VOC profiles at different stages. Partial least squares discriminant analysis identified five VOCs with variable importance in projection (VIP) values greater than one, including limonene, linalool, β-pinene, germacrene D, and β-ocimene, indicating their varying emission levels across stages. These findings enhance our understanding of the VOC characteristics of calamondin flowers and provide a scientific basis for further ornamental and industrial applications.

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Insight into sensory characteristics and volatile differences of freeze-dried Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. flower essential oil-casein phospholipid nanocomposites sustained-release scented tea by combining GC-E-nose and SBSE-GC-MS

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Recent Developments in Citrus aurantium L.: An Overview of Bioactive Compounds, Extraction Techniques, and Technological Applications

Recent Developments in Citrus aurantium L.: An Overview of Bioactive Compounds, Extraction Techniques, and Technological Applications

Unveiling the Floral Scent Dynamics of Calamondin (Citrus × microcarpa) Across Developmental Stages

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