Insight into the active sites of M–N–C single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction

Enhancing the effect of metal–nitrogen–carbon nanotubes with cobalt phthalocyanine on the electrochemical reduction of CO2

“…14–16 Especially, the study of M–N–C catalysts on the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 has attracted great attention. 16–18 Varela et al reported a series of metal/N-doped carbon catalysts for CO 2 electro-reduction to CO, which is the first report of M–N–C for CO 2 RR. 19 Although the catalytic current density of M–N–C catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 is usually high, there are some extra problems with relatively high onset potentials and low selectivity for products.…”

Multi-atomic loaded C2N1 catalysts for CO2 reduction to CO or formic acid

“…In recent years, due to the development of nanotechnology, it is possible to fine-tune the structure of an electrocatalyst at the nanoscale to control the structure of the electrocatalyst, making it have better stability, catalytic activity, and product selectivity. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with isolated transition metal (TM) atoms stabilized by carbon-based materials have attracted more and more attention due to their special electronic structure and platform utilization 12 and have become promising candidate materials in the nitrogen reduction reaction, 13 HER, 14–16 oxygen reduction reaction, 15,17 oxygen evolution reaction, 18,19 CO 2 RR, 20,21 and other reactions. 22 Previous studies have indicated that catalysts such as Mn, Mo, Ru, and Ti offer distinct advantages in the CO 2 RR compared to the HER, requiring lower overpotentials for the generation of intermediate products (*COOH or *OCHO).…”

Size effect of nickel from nanoparticles to clusters to single atoms for electrochemical CO2 reduction

“…In recent years, electrochemical CO 2 reduction to high value-added chemicals or fuels, powered by renewable electricity, has been an attractive solution to decrease CO 2 emissions. 3–7 However, electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction still faces some fundamental challenges. On the one hand, the CO 2 molecule is very stable, so the required overpotential is high, resulting in excessive energy consumption.…”