“…10,12 The pollution of water resources with Cd(II) has been detected widely and is caused essentially by the discharged effluents from numerous industries (smelting, cadmium-nickel batteries, metal plating, pigments, and alloys). 13,14 The Cd(II) was classied as a carcinogenic and very toxic chemical ion that must be at a concentration lower than about 0.003 mg L −1 in the drinking water. 4,15 Moreover, the Cd(II) pollutants cause several health side effects, such as acute disorders, pulmonary edema, chronic disorders, emphysema, itai-itai disease, hepatic dysfunction, hypertension, testicular atrophy, osteomalacia, and renal damage.…”