Insight into the efficiency‐stability‐cost balanced organic solar cell based on a polymerized nonfused‐ring electron acceptor

Abstract

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted extensive attention from both academia and industry in recent years due to their remarkable improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the Golden Triangle (the balance of efficiency‐stability‐cost) required for large‐scale industrialization of OSCs still remains a great challenge. Here, a new nonfused‐ring electron acceptor (NFREA) BF and its polymerized counterpart PBF were designed and synthesized, and their photovoltaic performance, storage stability and material cost were systematically investigated. When blended with a widely‐used polymer donor PBDB‐T, the PBF‐based all‐polymer solar cell (all‐PSC) displayed a record high PCE of 12.61% for polymerized NFREAs (PNFREAs) with an excellent stability (95.2% of initial PCE after 800 h storage), superior to the BF counterpart. Impressively, PBF‐based all‐PSC possesses the highest industrial figure‐of‐merit (i‐FOM) value of 0.309 based on an efficiency‐stability‐cost evaluation, in comparison to several representative OSC systems (such as PM6:Y6 and PBDB‐T:PZ1). This work provides an insight into the balance of efficiency, stability, and cost, and also indicates that the PNFREAs are promising materials toward the commercial application of OSCs.

Low-Cost Nonfused-Ring Electron Acceptors Enabled by Noncovalent Conformational Locks

“…Subsequently, we conducted a comparison of the device stability of a polymer acceptor PBF with a small-molecule one BF (Figure 5d). 23 It was observed that PBF exhibited enhanced thermal stability, light-absorbing ability, and tighter π−π stacking when compared with BF. Thus, the PBF-based device delivered a remarkable PCE of 12.61%, marking a significant improvement over the PCE of 11.10% achieved by the BF counterpart.…”

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“…Subsequently, we conducted a comparison of the device stability of a polymer acceptor PBF with a small-molecule one BF (Figure d) . It was observed that PBF exhibited enhanced thermal stability, light-absorbing ability, and tighter π–π stacking when compared with BF .…”

Unveiling the Impact of Light-Induced Acceptor-Generated ROS on Device Stability in Organic Photovoltaics

“…Stability stands as a pivotal criterion in the pursuit of OPVs . The efficiency degradation of OPVs encompasses multiple factors, including material degradation caused by water and oxygen, stability of the active layer morphology, and induced effects at the interface layers. − Among them, the inherent stability of the acceptor has been identified as one of the key factors in device stability . Existing studies have indicated that the acceptor may undergo processes such as photo-oxidation and intramolecular ring closing under light exposure. , In our previous research, we proposed that photoinduced double bond isomerization could serve as a precursor step triggering these degradation processes.…”

Catalyst-free multicomponent polymerization of aldehydes, amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide toward poly(α-aminonitrile)s

“…Cyano-containing polymers are a large group of fascinating materials with unique mechanical, electrical, and coordination properties, which are widely applicable in fibrous materials, 1 electrical conductivity, 2 solar cells 3 and covalent organic frameworks. 4 Cyano-containing polymers are generally prepared by the direct polymerization of cyano-containing monomers through radical polymerization, 5,6 Suzuki coupling, 7 pressure-induced polymerization, 8,9 triple-bond-based polymerization, 10 and the hydro(solvo)thermal synthesis method.…”