Insight into the synergistic effect between nickel and tungsten carbide for catalyzing urea electrooxidation in alkaline electrolyte

Wang, Lu; Zhu, Shangqian; Marinković, Nebojša; Kattel, Shyam; Shao, Minhua; Yang, Bolun; Chen, Jingguang G.

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.03.064

Cited by 87 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Recently, molybdenum oxide (Mo) is another transition metal alloying with Ni is introduced by Yang et al 274 resulted in outstanding electrocatalytic performance as the current density produced is high approximately 96.5 mAcm −2 and display rapid kinetics, small charge transfer resistance, and low Tafel slope. Similarly, Wang et al 275 also look into the synergistic effect between Ni alloying with Tungsten Carbide and found that Ni‐WC/C catalyst could enhance the urea electro‐oxidation with highest current density of 682.9 mAcm −2 .…”

Section: Non‐precious Catalyst In Direct Liquid Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

et al. 2021

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Summary Direct liquid fuel cell (DLFC) is one of the leading fuel cell types due to their great features of superior energy density, modest configuration, small size in fuel container, immediate boosting, and effortless storage and carriage. Commercially used liquid fuel types are prepared using alcohols, such as methanol or ethanol, glycol, and acids. DLFCs face great challenges although they are potentially far‐reaching depending on the expensive catalysts and the use of high‐loading catalyst. More questions that should be addressed to ensure excellent DLFC performance include cathode flooding, fuel crossover, numerous side yield production, fuel security, and unverified elongated‐duration robustness. Further studies need to be carried out to ensure the continuous improvement of the quality of DLFCs' performance and their penetration in the commercial market. To date, direct liquid fuel cells made of methanol and ethanol have been successfully produced in commercial scale, but other types of DLFCs are still under study. In this review, introduction to DLFC will be discussed by covering work and commercialization as well as recent progress and challenges encountered.

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Section: Non‐precious Catalyst In Direct Liquid Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

et al. 2021

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“…These design concepts take the characteristics of urea molecules into consideration, which aims to alter either the morphological or electronic structures of the catalysts. The common approaches include metallic compound formation (e.g., oxides, hydroxides, nitrides, phosphides, and sulfides), bimetallic incorporation, and composite/heterostructure formation . Apart from the individual application of each strategy, they can also be applied simultaneously to achieve synergistic effects …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Advanced Catalysts for Energy Conversion Based on Urea Oxidation Reaction

Zhu

Liang

Zou

2020

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Urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is the underlying reaction that determines the performance of modern urea‐based energy conversion technologies. These technologies include electrocatalytic and photoelectrochemical urea splitting for hydrogen production and direct urea fuel cells as power engines. They have demonstrated great potentials as alternatives to current water splitting and hydrogen fuel cell systems with more favorable operating conditions and cost effectiveness. At the moment, UOR performance is mainly limited by the 6‐electron transfer process. In this case, various material design and synthesis strategies have recently been reported to produce highly efficient UOR catalysts. The performance of these advanced catalysts is optimized by the modification of their structural and chemical properties, including porosity development, heterostructure construction, defect engineering, surface functionalization, and electronic structure modulation. Considering the rich progress in this field, the recent advances in the design and synthesis of UOR catalysts for urea electrolysis, photoelectrochemical urea splitting, and direct urea fuel cells are reviewed here. Particular attention is paid to those design concepts, which specifically target the characteristics of urea molecules. Moreover, challenges and prospects for the future development of urea‐based energy conversion technologies and corresponding catalysts are also discussed.

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“…Also it was reported that when Ni WC/C was used as an ORR catalyst, Ni and WC could work synergistically to form NiOOH, which had superior activity and stability during the electrooxidation of urea. 16 In our previous study, 17 we reported the preparation of WC/C composites via a combustion method. A graphite carbon layer was formed on the surface of WC particles in the material, which signicantly improved the ORR catalytic performance of the material in KOH solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%