This paper explores the multifaceted impact of early language and literacy development on children's cognitive and social-emotional growth, and the role of data-driven instructional strategies in enhancing educational outcomes. Through a detailed review of quantitative studies and academic research, we demonstrate how early linguistic exposure and literacy practices contribute significantly to cognitive abilities, empathetic understanding, emotional regulation, and academic success. Furthermore, we discuss the integration of personalized learning, technology, and continuous assessment as pivotal elements in modern educational frameworks that support diverse learning needs. The discussion extends to the implications of these findings for educational policy and the cultivation of lifelong learners, emphasizing the importance of early interventions and the potential of technological advancements in the field of language and literacy education.