Insights into fluid circulation across the Pernicana Fault (Mt. Etna, Italy) and implications for flank instability

Siniscalchi, Agata; Tripaldi, Simona; Neri, Marco; Giammanco, Salvatore; Piscitelli, S.; Balasco, Marianna; Behncke, B.; Magrì, C.; Naudet, V.; Rizzo, Enzo

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.03.013

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Alfio fault system are mainly induced by the regional stress field (the WNW‐ESE extension associated to the Malta Escarpment dynamics [e.g., Hirn et al , 1997; Gresta et al , 1997; Monaco et al , 1997; Azzaro , 1999]), that was not considered in this work. The comparison between the modeled displacements and the data recorded at two local GPS networks located across the Pernicana fault, showed that the apparent coefficients of friction used in our model (0.35, 0.01 and 0.5 for the volcanic sequence, the clayey substratum, and the calcareous Hyblaean sequence below, respectively, comparable with the value of 0.4, generally proposed in literature for the Etnean faults [ Gresta et al , 2005]) are too high, as recently hypothesized by Siniscalchi et al [2010]. We maintain that the Pernicana fault or some sectors are affected by a gouge with a very low friction coefficient or some unknown depth features have not been considered in our model.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…We maintain that the southern block, responding to the push of the magmatic intrusions would behave as an “almost detached” body by the northern block. Siniscalchi et al [2010] conducted geophysical‐geochemical measurements on a profile cutting across the Pernicana fault, revealing the existence of a hydrothermal system in the NE sector of Mount Etna. The southern block of the fault was recognized as highly permeable, with numerous fractures, permitting infiltration of meteoric water into the volcanic cover.…”

Section: Displacements Along the Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magma, faults, and gravitational loading at Mount Etna: The 2002–2003 eruptive period

et al. 2011

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[1] Mount Etna is characterized by a complex structural setting that influences its evolution. In order to understand how the interaction between dike-forming intrusions and faulting influences the kinematics of the volcanic edifice, we developed a numerical model. It takes account of the topography, the medium heterogeneities, the gravitational loading, and the most active crustal discontinuities. A parameterization of the apparent coefficient of friction, as a function of the depth, has been considered in the range from 0.01 to 0.5. The density values used, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio range from about 1700 to 3200 kg/m 3 , 8.5 to 140 GPa, and 0.15 to 0.35, respectively. The model was applied to the 2002-2003 Etna eruption. The resulting deformation pattern was in agreement with the data provided by the continuous GPS stations and the seismological knowledge, obtaining displacements up to 1 m. Some discrepancies between the recorded ground deformation field and the modeled displacements allowed us to make some hypotheses on the volcano-tectonic (e.g., for the Pernicana fault) or regional-tectonic origin (Acireale-S. Alfio fault system) of the crustal discontinuities. Moreover, our results suggested that the Pernicana fault is characterized by a very low apparent coefficient of friction, less than 0.1. Furthermore, we evaluated the contribution of the gravitational loading and found that it implies a variation of about 10% of the overall deformation pattern. Our results clearly showed that the weight of the volcanic edifice acts in opposition to the magmatic intrusions. Conversely, we found that the presence of medium heterogeneities may favor the eastern flank movements toward the SE and the spreading of the summit area, playing a fundamental role in ascending magma. Finally, we investigated the shallow sliding model and found that dike-forming intrusions produce negligible displacements, less than 1 mm, along the subhorizontal detachment surface. Therefore, the gravitational loading during dike-forming intrusions is not able to trigger sliding processes along this plane.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Displacements Along the Fault Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magma, faults, and gravitational loading at Mount Etna: The 2002–2003 eruptive period

et al. 2011

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“…In the last few years, the ERT has been increasingly applied to study active faults (Galli et al, 2006(Galli et al, , 2014Improta et al, 2010;Giocoli et al, 2011), volcanic areas (Finizzola et al, 2010Siniscalchi et al, 2010), landslides (Perrone et al, 2004), geological and structural setting of sedimentary basins (Giocoli et al, 2008), local seismic response (Boncio et al, 2011;Mucciarelli et al, 2011;Moscatelli et al, 2012), etc. Only in very few cases was the ERT method applied in laboratory experiments in order to study liquefaction phenomenon during and after the shaking (Jinguuji et al, 2007).…”

Section: Electrical Resistivity Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical resistivity tomography for studying liquefaction induced by the May 2012 Emilia-Romagna earthquake (Mw = 6.1, northern Italy)

Giocoli

Quadrio

Bellanova

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This work shows the result of an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey carried out for imaging and characterizing the shallow subsurface affected by the coseismic effects of the Mw = 6.1 Emilia-Romagna (northern Italy) earthquake that occurred on 20 May 2012. The most characteristic coseismic effects were ground failure, lateral spreading and liquefaction that occurred extensively along the paleo-Reno River in the urban areas of San Carlo and Mirabello (southwestern portion of Ferrara Province). In total, six electrical resistivity tomographies were performed and calibrated with surface geological surveys, exploratory boreholes and aerial photo interpretations. This was one of first applications of the electrical resistivity tomography method in investigating coseismic liquefaction.

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“…In situ non-invasive and low-cost geophysical techniques are widely employed in the subsurface investigations (Improta et al, 2010;Siniscalchi et al, 2010;Tropeano et al, 2013;Perrone et al, 2014). In particular, the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) techniques have been widely applied in seismic microzonation (Boncio et al, 2011;Moscatelli et al, 2012), seismotectonic and geomorphological studies (Giocoli et al, 2008), to characterize the seismogenic fault systems (Galli et al, 2014;Giocoli et al, 2011), to reconstruct 316 A. Giocoli et al: Geological and geophysical characterization of the High Agri Valley the geometry and the mechanical properties of the superficial litho-stratigraphic units Albarello et al, 2011;Gallipoli et al, 2013), to delineate landslide body (Gallipoli et al, 2000;Perrone et al, 2004;Mainsant et al, 2012) and to study coseismic liquefaction phenomena .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological and geophysical characterization of the southeastern side of the High Agri Valley (southern Apennines, Italy)

Giocoli

Stabile

Adurno

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In the frame of a national project funded by Eni S.p.A. and developed by three institutes of the National Research Council (the Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis, the Institute of Research for Hydrogeological Protection and the Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment), a multidisciplinary approach based on the integration of satellite, aero-photogrammetric and in situ geophysical techniques was applied to investigate an area located in the Montemurro territory in the southeastern sector of the High Agri Valley (Basilicata Region, southern Italy). This paper reports the results obtained by the joint analysis of in situ geophysical surveys, aerial photos interpretation, morphotectonic investigation, geological field survey and borehole data. The joint analysis of different data allowed us (1) to show the shallow geological and structural setting, (2) to detect the geometry of the different lithological units and their mechanical and dynamical properties, (3) to image a previously unmapped fault beneath suspected scarps/warps and (4) to characterize the geometry of an active landslide affecting the study area.

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Insights into fluid circulation across the Pernicana Fault (Mt. Etna, Italy) and implications for flank instability

Cited by 49 publications

References 21 publications

Magma, faults, and gravitational loading at Mount Etna: The 2002–2003 eruptive period

Magma, faults, and gravitational loading at Mount Etna: The 2002–2003 eruptive period

Electrical resistivity tomography for studying liquefaction induced by the May 2012 Emilia-Romagna earthquake (Mw = 6.1, northern Italy)

Geological and geophysical characterization of the southeastern side of the High Agri Valley (southern Apennines, Italy)

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