Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a promising and rapidly evolving discipline, which is mainly applied to convert chemical energy of urban wastewater into electrical energy. Based on past research achievements, iron components (zerovalent iron nanoparticles, Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ) has positive enhancements on MFCs by increasing the activity of electroactive bacteria on anode chamber. In this study, the effect of zerovalent iron nanoparticles Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ and their combinations on a lab-scale double chamber MFCs was evaluated. Based on the results achieved, the best performance was 10 mg/L Fe 2+ modified anolyte, which achieved accumulative voltage improvement of 216.8%. Furthermore, it was found that more than 20 mg/L of total iron components reduces the power generation of MFCs and this is deemed excessively high for this application. Lastly, a removal rate of 91.5% for Total Volatile Solids (TVS) was achieved after 30 days of operation.