Insights into Mussel Microbiome

Rubiolo, Juan A.; Botana, Luís M.; Martı́nez, Paulino

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16190-3_5

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Across both vertebrates and invertebrates, there are many examples of vertical transmission of microbiomes. Demonstrated examples include insects [ 73 , 74 ], sponges [ 75 ], bivalves [ 76 – 78 ], and cephalopods [ 79 – 82 ]. In sponges, members of up to ten bacterial phyla and one archael phylum have been vertically transmitted from adult sponge to other life stages, including oocytes of oviparous sponges and embryos of viviparous sponges [ 83 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the gut microbiome in wild rocky mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

Chalifour

2021

anim microbiome

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Background The Rocky Mountainsnail (Oreohelix strigosa) is a terrestrial gastropod of ecological importance in the Rocky Mountains of western United States and Canada. Across the animal kingdom, including in gastropods, gut microbiomes have profound effects on the health of the host. Current knowledge regarding snail gut microbiomes, particularly throughout various life history stages, is limited. Understanding snail gut microbiome composition and dynamics can provide an initial step toward better conservation and management of this species. Results In this study, we employed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine gut bacteria communities in wild-caught O. strigosa populations from the Front Range of Colorado. These included three treatment groups: (1) adult and (2) fetal snails, as well as (3) sub-populations of adult snails that were starved prior to ethanol fixation. Overall, O. strigosa harbors a high diversity of bacteria. We sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene on an Illumina MiSeq and obtained 2,714,330 total reads. We identified a total of 7056 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 36 phyla. The core gut microbiome of four unique OTUs accounts for roughly half of all sequencing reads returned and may aid the snails’ digestive processes. Significant differences in microbial composition, as well as richness, evenness, and Shannon Indices were found across the three treatment groups. Conclusions Comparisons of gut microbiomes in O. strigosa adult, fetal, and starved samples provide evidence that the host internal environments influence bacterial community compositions, and that bacteria may be transmitted vertically from parent to offspring. This work provides the first comprehensive report on the structure and membership of bacterial populations in the gastropod family Oreohelicidae and reveals similarities and differences across varying life history metrics. Strong differentiation between these life history metrics demonstrates the need for wider sampling for studies of dynamics of the snail gut microbiome.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the gut microbiome in wild rocky mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

Chalifour

2021

anim microbiome

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“…Across both vertebrates and invertebrates, there are many examples of vertical transmission of microbiomes. Demonstrated examples include insects [68,69], sponges [70], bivalves [71,72,73], and cephalopods [74,75,76,77]. In sponges, members of up to ten bacterial phyla and one archael phylum have been vertically transmitted from adult sponge to other life stages, including oocytes of oviparous sponges and embryos of viviparous sponges [78].…”

Section: Fetal Vs Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Gut Microbiome in Wild Rocky Mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

Chalifour

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundThe Rocky Mountainsnail (Oreohelix strigosa) is a terrestrial gastropod of ecological importance in the Rocky Mountains of western United States and Canada. Across the animal kingdom, including in gastropods, gut microbiomes have profound effects on the health of the host. Current knowledge regarding snail gut microbiomes, particularly throughout various life history stages, is limited. Understanding snail gut microbiome composition and dynamics can provide an initial step toward better conservation and management of this species. ResultsIn this study, we employed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine gut bacteria communities in wild-caught O. strigosa populations from the Front Range of Colorado. These included three treatment groups: (1) adult and (2) fetal snails, as well as (3) sub-populations of adult snails that were starved prior to ethanol fixation. Overall, O. strigosa harbors a high diversity of bacteria. We sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene on an Illumina MiSeq, and obtained 2,714,330 total reads. We identified a total of 7,056 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 36 phyla. The core gut microbiome of four unique OTUs accounts for roughly half of all sequencing reads returned and may aid the snails’ digestive processes. Significant differences in microbial composition, as well as richness, evenness, and Shannon Indices were found across the three treatment groups.ConclusionsComparisons of gut microbiomes in O. strigosa adult, fetal, and starved samples provide evidence that the host internal environments influence bacterial community compositions, and that bacteria may be transmitted vertically from parent to offspring. This work provides the first comprehensive report on the structure and membership of bacterial populations in the gastropod family Oreohelicidae and reveals similarities and differences across varying life history metrics. Strong differentiation between these life history metrics demonstrates the need for wider sampling for studies of dynamics of the snail gut microbiome.

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“…This specie lives along all Chilean coasts and in southern Atlantic. However, is curious that has been extensively studied as indicator of environmental pollution but not as an antibiotic producer (Tapia et al, 2010;Pozo et al, 2015;Ruiz et al, 2018), considering that mussel are natural filter that accumulated high quantities of microorganisms and therefore need of antimicrobial mechanisms to control its microbiome (Leoni et al, 2017;Rubiolo et al, 2019). In fact, in A. atra, high antibacterial activity was observed in its mantle, gonads, digestive gland and intestine.…”

Section: Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilean benthic species identified as a new source of antibiotic substances

Strahsburger

Pizarro

Zúñiga

et al. 2020

Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res.

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Benthic marine organisms are a natural source of bioactive substances with applications in medicine to treat infections, cancer and other diseases. In Chile, this community possesses rich biodiversity that has been scarcely studied as a producer of bioactive substance so far. For that reason, we studied the potential production of antibiotic substances in 28 benthic species that inhabit the coast of the Tarapacá region in northern Chile, and belong to phylum Porifera, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Sipuncula, Annelida, Echinodermata and Chordata. The antibiotic activity was evaluated on ethanol extract obtained from their entire body or dissected tissues and was tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with the diffusion agar method. According to the halo diameter, the antibiotic potency was classified as mild, regular or high. In this way, we could identify 21 benthic species as a producer of antibiotic substances with different antibiotic potency. This activity was found in more than one tissue and with regular or high antibiotic activity in the species; Acanthopleura echinata, Chiton cumingsii, Aulacomya atra, Fissurella crassa, Fissurella latimarginata, Luidia magellanica, Stichaster striatus, Arbacia spatuligera, and Loxechinus albus. The extracts obtained from the entire body and showed regular and high antibiotic activity were from the species; Phymanthea pluvia, Abarenicola affinis, Glycera americana, and Ophiactis kroyeri. In conclusion, northern Chile possesses a rich biodiversity of benthic species producer of antibiotic substances, and more research is encouraged to identify these substances with application in medicine.

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Insights into Mussel Microbiome

Cited by 14 publications

References 142 publications

Characterization of the gut microbiome in wild rocky mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

Characterization of the gut microbiome in wild rocky mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

Characterization of the Gut Microbiome in Wild Rocky Mountainsnails (Oreohelix strigosa)

Chilean benthic species identified as a new source of antibiotic substances

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