Insights into the antibiotic resistance dissemination in a wastewater effluent microbiome: bacteria, viruses and vesicles matter

Maestre‐Carballa, Lucía; Gomez, Mónica Lluesma; Navarro, Andrea Angla; García-Heredia, Inmaculada; Martínez-Hernández, Francisco; Martínez‐García, Manuel

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.14758

Cited by 28 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…This was consistent with our data since these three antibiotic classes accounted for 61% of the relative abundance found in our study with HMP samples (Van Boeckel et al, 2014). The characterization of resistomes from metagenomic data can also be performed from unassembled data (Arango-Argoty et al, 2018;Maestre-Carballa et al, 2019). Here, the analysis from unassembled data (Suppl.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A resistome roadmap: from the human body to pristine environments

Maestre‐Carballa

Martínez‐García

Navarro-López

2021

Preprint

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A comprehensive characterization of the human body resistome (sets of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)) is yet to be done and paramount for addressing the antibiotic microbial resistance threat. Here, we study the resistome of 771 samples from five major body parts (skin, nares, vagina, gut and oral cavity) of healthy subjects from the Human Microbiome Project and addressed the potential dispersion of ARGs in pristine environments. A total of 28,731 ARGs belonging to 344 different ARG types were found in the HMP proteome dataset (n=9.1x107 proteins analyzed). Our study reveals a distinct resistome profile (ARG type and abundance) between body sites and high inter-individual variability. Nares had the highest ARG load (≈5.4 genes/genome) followed by the oral cavity, while the gut showed one of the highest ARG richness (shared with nares) but the lowest abundance (≈1.3 genes/genome). Fluroquinolone resistance genes were the most abundant in the human body, followed by macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) or tetracycline. Most of the ARGs belonged to common bacterial commensals and multidrug resistance trait was predominant in the nares and vagina. Our data also provide hope, since the spread of common ARG from the human body to pristine environments (n=271 samples; 77 Gb of sequencing data and 2.1x108 proteins analyzed) thus far remains very unlikely (only one case found in an autochthonous bacterium from a pristine environment). These findings broaden our understanding of ARG in the context of the human microbiome and the One-Health Initiative of WHO uniting human host-microbes and environments as a whole.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A resistome roadmap: from the human body to pristine environments

Maestre‐Carballa

Martínez‐García

Navarro-López

2021

Preprint

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“…Antibiotic resistance is a well-recognized major threat to global public health. Many studies have surveyed antibiotic resistant bacterial strains or their corresponding genes in hotspots or reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance such as hospitals, waste-water treatment plants (WWTP), sewage systems, and animal feeding operations, where antibiotics are commonly found at high concentrations ( Bengtsson-Palme et al, 2018 ; Burcham et al, 2019 ; Kraemer et al, 2019 ; Maestre-Carballa et al, 2019 ; Xiang et al, 2020 ). In particular, attempts have been made to correlate the concentration of antibiotics with the occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains or genes in these hotspots ( Rodriguez-Mozaz et al, 2015 ; Pärnänen et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Biofilms as Reservoirs for Antimicrobial Resistance

et al. 2021

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Characterizing the response of microbial communities to a range of antibiotic concentrations is one of the strategies used to understand the impact of antibiotic resistance. Many studies have described the occurrence and prevalence of antibiotic resistance in microbial communities from reservoirs such as hospitals, sewage, and farm feedlots, where bacteria are often exposed to high and/or constant concentrations of antibiotics. Outside of these sources, antibiotics generally occur at lower, sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). The constant exposure to low concentrations of antibiotics may serve as a chemical “cue” that drives development of antibiotic resistance. Low concentrations of antibiotics have not yet been broadly described in reservoirs outside of the aforementioned environments, nor is the transfer and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes within natural microbial communities fully understood. This review will thus focus on low antibiotic-concentration environmental reservoirs and mechanisms that are important in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance to help identify key knowledge gaps concerning the environmental resistome.

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“…The exposure to substantial quantities of antimicrobial compounds in farm animals has made livestock products a potential reservoir of antimicrobial‐resistant genes (ARGs), raising the chances of transmission to humans through the food chain, by direct animal contact, and through the environment (e.g. wastewater), contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance (Maestre‐Carballa et al , 2019).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%