Insights into the drivers of radiating diversification in biodiversity hotspots using<i>Saussurea</i>(Asteraceae) as a case

Zhang, Xinzheng; Landis, Jacob B.; Sun, Yue‐Hua; Zhang, H; Feng, Tao; Lin, Na; Tiamiyu, Bashir B.; Huang, Xiande; Deng, Tao; Wang, H; Sun, Han‐Dong

doi:10.1101/2021.03.15.435394

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Our dated time tree showed the divergence of Saussurea occurred in the Miocene ( Figure 3 ), which was consistent with our parallel study using whole plastome sequences (ca. 8.38–15.35 Mya) [ 33 ] and the result based on the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) dataset (ca. 11.7–14.4 Mya) [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomes of Saussurea (Asteraceae) Provide Insights into High-Altitude Adaptation

Zhang

Sun

Landis

et al. 2021

Plants

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Understanding how species adapt to extreme environments is an extension of the main goals of evolutionary biology. While alpine plants are an ideal system for investigating the genetic basis of high-altitude adaptation, genomic resources in these species are still limited. In the present study, we generated reference-level transcriptomic data of five Saussurea species through high-throughput sequencing and de novo assembly. Three of them are located in the highland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), and the other two are close relatives distributed in the lowland. A series of comparative and evolutionary genomics analyses were conducted to explore the genetic signatures of adaptive evolution to high-altitude environments. Estimation of divergence time using single-copy orthologs revealed that Saussurea species diversified during the Miocene, a period with extensive tectonic movement and climatic fluctuation on the QTP. We characterized gene families specific to the alpine species, including genes involved in oxidoreductase activity, pectin catabolic process, lipid transport, and polysaccharide metabolic process, which may play important roles in defense of hypoxia and freezing temperatures of the QTP. Furthermore, in a phylogenetic context with the branch model, we identified hundreds of genes with signatures of positive selection. These genes are involved in DNA repair, membrane transport, response to UV-B and hypoxia, and reproductive processes, as well as some metabolic processes associated with nutrient intake, potentially responsible for Saussurea adaptation to the harsh environments of high altitude. Overall, our study provides valuable genomic resources for alpine species and gained helpful insights into the genomic basis of plants adapting to extreme environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomes of Saussurea (Asteraceae) Provide Insights into High-Altitude Adaptation

Zhang

Sun

Landis

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The satellite clock bias is relative to tGPST and is modelled and uploaded by the master control station. These parameters are broadcasted as part of the navigation message [23][24][25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive And Reliable GPS Uncertain Position Estimation an Insightful Oceanography and Geography Applications

Kiran

Rao²

2022

Int. j. commun. netw. inf. secur.

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Location evaluation applications are one of the most imperative services in GPS position applications. The Global Positioning Systems (GPS) is a versatile and legacy technology has been providing a reliable and accurate position of objects on Earth. The uncertain GPS position is considered an initialization parameter for many inherent systems in today’s world. This initialization position estimate has a wide variety of applications such as Coast line maps, understanding the geo-dynamical phenomena such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and subsequent originating source mechanisms, Mean Sea level estimation for contours of land surfaces, Oceanic en-route as well as in mobile and Vehicular technologies etc. The validation and reliability of the results of all those applications is dependent on the accuracy of the position estimate given by GPS. In this work an attempt is made to retrieve accurate and reliable position parameters from GPS by correcting the measurement errors for all the visible satellites at every epoch. The maximum and minimum pseudo ranges in L2 signal observed are 2437404.2 meters and -76295.22 meters.

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Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae)

Escobari,

Borsch,

Kilian

2023

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The Gynoxyoid clade of the Senecioneae (Asteraceae) until now included the five genera Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Nordenstamia, Paracalia and Paragynoxys as diagnosed using selected morphological characters. In their pre-phylogenetic circumscription, the genera Aequatorium and Paragynoxys were considered to inhabit the northern Andes in contrast to Nordenstamia and Paracalia that occur in the central Andes. The most species-rich genus, Gynoxys, was believed to be distributed throughout the Andes. We use a recently established plastid phylogenomic framework that rendered Gynoxys paraphyletic to further evaluate the delimitation of genera in the Gynoxyoid clade. We examine the morphological variation of all members of the Gynoxyoid to identify characters potentially informative at genus level. This results in a matrix of eleven, mostly multistate characters, including those originally used to diagnose these genera. The ancestral character state inference displays a high level of homoplasy, but nevertheless supports the recognition of four genera. Aequatorium is characterised by white radiate capitula. Paracalia and Paragynoxys share white flowers and floral characteristics, such as flower opening and length of disc flowers lobes, as plesiomorphic states, but differ in habit (scandent shrubs vs. trees). Paracalia also retained white flowers, but its two species are characterised by the absence of outer phyllaries. The genera Gynoxys and Nordenstamia comprise species with yellow capitula which appear to be a derived feature in the Gynoxyoids. The genus Nordenstamia, with eight species, is synonymised under Gynoxys since molecular evidence shows its species nested within various parts of the Gynoxys subclade and the morphological variation of Nordenstamia falls well within that of Gynoxys. With the goal to assign all species to four genera (Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Paracalia and Paragynoxys), we assess the states for the eleven characters for all members of the Gynoxyoids and generate new ETS and ITS sequences for 171 specimens belonging to 49 species to further support their generic placement. We provide a taxonomic treatment for the four genera recognised here including amended diagnoses and morphological descriptions. Furthermore, a species-level taxonomic backbone is elaborated for all genera using electronic tools that list 158 currently accepted names and synonyms (209 names in total) with the respective protologue and type information, as well as notes on the current understanding of species limits. Eleven names are newly synonymised, two are lectotypified and eight are newly transferred to other genera.

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Insights into the drivers of radiating diversification in biodiversity hotspots usingSaussurea(Asteraceae) as a case

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

Transcriptomes of Saussurea (Asteraceae) Provide Insights into High-Altitude Adaptation

Transcriptomes of Saussurea (Asteraceae) Provide Insights into High-Altitude Adaptation

Adaptive And Reliable GPS Uncertain Position Estimation an Insightful Oceanography and Geography Applications

Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae)

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Insights into the drivers of radiating diversification in biodiversity hotspots usingSaussurea(Asteraceae) as a case

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

Transcriptomes of Saussurea (Asteraceae) Provide Insights into High-Altitude Adaptation

Transcriptomes of Saussurea (Asteraceae) Provide Insights into High-Altitude Adaptation

Adaptive And Reliable GPS Uncertain Position Estimation an Insightful Oceanography and Geography Applications

﻿Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae)

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Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae)