Insights into the involvement of long non-coding RNAs in doxorubicin resistance of cancer

Abstract

Doxorubicin is one of the most classical chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of cancer. However, resistance to the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin in tumor cells remains a major obstacle. Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been associated with tumorigenesis and development via regulation of chromatin remodeling, transcription, and post-transcriptional processing. Emerging studies have also revealed that dysregulation of lncRNAs mediates the development of drug resistance through multiple molecules and pathways. In this review, we focus on the role and mechanism of lncRNAs in the progress of doxorubicin resistance in various cancers, which mainly include cellular drug transport, cell cycle disorder, anti-apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells, autophagy, tumor microenvironment, metabolic reprogramming and signaling pathways. This review is aimed to provide potential therapeutic targets for future cancer therapy, especially for the reversal of chemoresistance.

SEQSIM – A novel bioinformatics tool for comparisons of upstream gene regions – a case study of calcium binding protein spermatid associated 1 (CABS1)

“…LINC02562 (long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2562) is part of a class of RNAs that, while not coding for proteins, can also affect gene regulation. Long non-coding RNAs are known to be involved in a variety of biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, transcriptional control and post-transcriptional modifications (33,34). Similarly, the small nuclear RNA U4atac Pseudogene 9 (RNU4ATAC9P) may be involved in minor spliceosome function.…”

“…Similarly, the small nuclear RNA U4atac Pseudogene 9 (RNU4ATAC9P) may be involved in minor spliceosome function. Traditionally thought to be non-functional, recent studies have suggested that pseudogenes, and types of pseudogenes like retrotransposons, may play a regulatory role in gene expression (34,35). The similarity of the CABS1 UGR to these other UGRs could provide clues to how CABS1 is regulated in the body and perhaps some of its functions.…”