Insights into the Oral Bacterial Microbiota of Sows

Hattab, Jasmine; Marruchella, Giuseppe; Pallavicini, Alberto; Gionechetti, Fabrizia; Mosca, F; Trachtman, Abigail Rose; Lanci, Laura; Gabrielli, Luigino; Tiscar, Pietro Giorgio

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9112314

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Overall, around half of the top 20 genera were shared between the two studies. The composition in our study also overlapped with two other studies on sow oral microbiota where cotton swabs [24] or ropes [45] were used in sample collection, with eight of our 20 top genera shared with those of each of the studies. Acinetobacter was the dominant genus in both of these studies, Streptococcus was among the most abundant genera, but Rothia, Moraxella, and Actinobacillus were either less abundant or not detected.…”

Section: Oral Microbiotasupporting

confidence: 56%

Bacterial profiles of the oral, vaginal, and rectal mucosa and colostrum of periparturient sows

Piirainen,

König,

Husso

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The commensal microbiota influences the health, feeding efficiency, and reproductive performance of sows. The microbiota composition in the alimentary and genitourinary tracts and in colostrum/milk during pregnancy and lactation also impacts the developing microbiota and immune system of the piglets and subsequently their growth and health. Knowledge of the microbial compositions is important for evaluation of these effects and for discovering ways to improve the health and productivity of the sows. Oral, vaginal, and rectal mucosa were sampled from 32 sows of variable parity in late pregnancy on four commercial piglet-producing farms in Finland. Colostrum samples were taken within 6 hours of delivery of the first piglet. Microbial compositions were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Moderate differences in diversity and composition were observed between farms. The most abundant genera of the oral microbiota were Rothia, Moraxella, and Streptococcus. The rectal microbiota was dominated by Clostridium sensu stricto 1. Streptococcus was the most abundant genus in the vagina and colostrum. Differences in relative abundances of genera were detected between primiparous and multiparous sows. Some of these differences were detected across all the farms; in the multiparous sows, the relative abundances of Fusobacterium and Neisseria were lower in oral samples. Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Romboutsia, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_007 were higher and Prevotella lower in rectal samples, and Streptococcus higher in colostrum samples. In vaginal samples, approximately half of the multiparous sows had significantly higher relative abundances of the genera Fusobacterium and Streptococcus than the primiparous sows. Among the differentially abundant taxa, F. necrophorum and F. nucleatum were identified in oral samples, Fusobacterium gastrosuis and Fusobacterium necrophorum in vaginal samples, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae in colostrum samples. Most of the differences were due to unidentified species within the respective genus. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the mucosal and colostrum microbiota of periparturient sows during normal production conditions on Finnish commercial farms, including potentially interesting differences in the relative abundances of several genera at different mucosal sites between sows of low and high parity.

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Section: Oral Microbiotasupporting

confidence: 56%

Bacterial profiles of the oral, vaginal, and rectal mucosa and colostrum of periparturient sows

Piirainen,

König,

Husso

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The five most abundant genera identified in the oral fluid samples were Clostridium , Terrisporobacter , Phascolarctobacterium , Leptotrichia , and Streptococcus 25 . The oral fluid of sows has also been studied, and the most abundant genera were Lactobacillus , Corynebacterium , Acinetobacter , Staphylococcus , Rothia , Aerococcus , and Clostridium 24 . In this study, oral fluid samples were mostly comprised of Firmicutes, followed by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microorganisms, antibodies, and other metabolites in the oral fluid can be used to better understand the oral microbiome and its importance in swine health 23 . Yet, few studies have characterized the swine oral fluid microbiota and its role in homeostasis 22 , 24 , 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of the bacterial diversity and composition of nursery piglets’ oral fluid, feces, and housing environment

Buiatte,

Fonseca,

Alonso Madureira

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The oral cavity is the portal of entry for many microorganisms that affect swine, and the swine oral fluid has been used as a specimen for the diagnosis of several infectious diseases. The oral microbiota has been shown to play important roles in humans, such as protection against non-indigenous bacteria. In swine, studies that have investigated the microbial composition of the oral cavity of pigs are scarce. This study aimed to characterize the oral fluid microbiota of weaned pigs from five commercial farms in Brazil and compare it to their respective fecal and environmental microbiotas. Bacterial compositions were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analyzed in R Studio. Oral fluid samples were significantly less diverse (alpha diversity) than pen floor and fecal samples (P < 0.01). Alpha diversity changed among farms in oral fluid and pen floor samples, but no differences were observed in fecal samples. Permutational ANOVA revealed that beta diversity was significantly different among sample types (P = 0.001) and farms (P = 0.001), with separation of sample types (feces, pen floor, and oral fluid) on the principal coordinates analysis. Most counts obtained from oral fluid samples were classified as Firmicutes (80.4%) and Proteobacteria (7.7%). The genera Streptococcus, members of the Pasteurellaceae family, and Veillonella were differentially abundant in oral fluid samples when compared to fecal samples, in which Streptococcus was identified as a core genus that was strongly correlated (SparCC) with other taxa. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the most relatively abundant phyla identified in fecal and pen floor samples, and Prevotella_9 was the most classified genus. No differentially abundant taxa were identified when comparing fecal samples and pen floor samples. We concluded that under the conditions of our study, the oral fluid microbiota of weaned piglets is different (beta diversity) and less diverse (alpha diversity) than the fecal and environmental microbiotas. Several differentially abundant taxa were identified in the oral fluid samples, and some have been described as important colonizers of the oral cavity in human microbiome studies. Further understanding of the relationship between the oral fluid microbiota and swine is necessary and would create opportunities for the development of innovative solutions that target the microbiota to improve swine health and production.

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“…The microbiome of pigs has been studied recently. The predominant orders were lactobacillales, clostridiales, and corynebacteriales [188].…”

Section: I62 Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva as a biological matrix to assess piglet’s welfare

Prims

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Insights into the Oral Bacterial Microbiota of Sows

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Bacterial profiles of the oral, vaginal, and rectal mucosa and colostrum of periparturient sows

Bacterial profiles of the oral, vaginal, and rectal mucosa and colostrum of periparturient sows

A comparative study of the bacterial diversity and composition of nursery piglets’ oral fluid, feces, and housing environment

Saliva as a biological matrix to assess piglet’s welfare

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