Insights into the perceived impact of park creation on the lives of local residents within Gros Morne National Park

Abstract

The creation of a national park changes the local community's relationship to the land. In 1973, Parks Canada created Gros Morne National Park around existing communities and only relocated a small number of residents. While park creation placed some restrictions on traditional activities, compromises were made to allow the continuation of some recreational and subsistence activities normally not permitted in national parks. This study investigated how the local residents perceived their lives have changed since the creation of Gros Morne National Park. Qualitative methodology using in-depth interviews with 12 local residents was used to discover how the establishment of the park has affected their lives in terms of their work, recreation, social and subsistence activities as well as their community life. Participants have experienced a loss of freedom due to restrictions on traditional extractive activities, personal land use, recreation activities and relocation of residents, as well as benefits: employment, environmental and heritage protection and community development.La création d'un parc national modifie la relation d'une communauté locale à son environnement. En 1973, Parcs Canada a créé le Parc National de Gros-Morne alentours des communautés existantes et a déplacé seulement un petit nombre de résidents du parc. Alors que la création du parc émit certaines restrictions sur les activités traditionnelles, certain compromis permettant la poursuite de certaines activités de subsistance et/ou récréatives, normalement des activités limité dans les parcs nationaux, ont été permis. Grâce à une méthodologie qualitative utilisant des entrevues en profondeur avec 12 rési-dents locaux, cette étude a examiné comment les habitants perçoivent que leur vie a changé depuis la création du PN Gros-Morne. Les résultats démontrent que la création du parc a affecté leur vie en fonction de leur travail, les loisirs, les activités de subsistance ainsi que la vie communautaire. Les participants expliquent qu'ils ont subi une perte de liberté en raison de restrictions sur les activités traditionnelles d'extraction, l'utilisation des terres personnelle, des activités récréatives, d'autre explique que le parc a aussi créé des avantages comme: l'emploi, l'environnement et la protection du patrimoine et le développement communautaire.Mots-clés: Parc national Gros Morne; résidents du parc; création de parcs nationaux; les impacts des parcs nationaux

Re‐animating Gros Morne's storyless space: From natural heritage to ecological heritage

“…The area contiguous with today's boundaries of Gros Morne National Park has a long history of human use and residence (Crabb, ). The establishment of the park meant that both the families who chose to stay put and those who resettled in the communities situated just outside of park boundaries had to adapt to new regulations restricting their hunting and gathering activities, as well as to the new economic realities brought about by tourism (Innes & Heintzmann, ). The residents interviewed by Innes and Heintzmann (), for example, lamented the loss of freedom due to the new restrictions on land use, recreation, and traditional extractive activities, but at the same time recognised the benefits of new employment opportunities, environmental protection, and community development brought about by the tourism industry and related infrastructure.…”

Türkiye’de milli parkçılığın kısa bir hikâyesi: Yozgat Çamlığı Milli Parkı örneği

“…Yellowstone ve Missouri Nehri'nin birleştiği yeri gördüğünde, insan ve diğer canlıların yaşadığı, doğal ortamın tazeliğini kaybetmeden, hükümet politikaları altında korunması gerektiğini düşünmüştür (Spence, 1999). Bunun üzerine Catlin, Amerikan Ovaları'nda yaşayan yerlilerin ve yaban hayatının her ikisinin de korunması için bir "ulus parkı" oluşturulmasını savunmuştur (Dearden ve Langdon, 2009;Innes ve Heintzman, 2012). Catlin'in öne sürdüğü bu düşünce hayata geçirilerek, korunan alan hareketinin başlangıç noktası olan Yellowstone tüm dikkatleri üzerine çekmiştir (Brockington, vd., 2008).…”