Insights into the phytochemical composition of selected genotypes of organic kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala)

Bianchi, Giulia; Picchi, Valentina; Tava, Aldo; Doria, Filippo; Walley, Peter Glen; Dever, Louisa; di Bella, Maria Concetta; Arena, Donata; Ben Ammar, Hajer; Lo Scalzo, Roberto; Branca, Ferdinando

doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105721

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…As can be seen in Table 2, the most dominant phenolic compound quantitatively in kale vegetables is trans ‐caffeic acid (1246.8–2797.5 mg/kg), followed by rutin, 4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid, and quercetin‐3‐ O ‐glucoside; and in arugula vegetables is quercetin‐3‐ O ‐glucoside (382.2–871.1 mg/kg), followed by vanillic acid, caftaric acid, and hesperidin. Most of those compounds have already been identified by former studies on both vegetables (Bianchi et al., 2024; Fusari et al., 2020; Li et al., 2018; Seong et al., 2016). Total phenolic content in kale and arugula vegetables ranged from 448.5 to 3880.3 mg/kg in kale samples and from 586.4 to 1459.9 mg/kg in arugula samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Elucidation of heavy metal content, phenolic profiles, and antioxidant activities of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) and arugula (Brassica eruca L.) grown in urban gardens in Istanbul

Amanpour,

Coskun,

Kanmaz

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Science

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two distances: close (0–10 m) and far (60 m) from the heavy traffic roadside, at three different cultivation sites (MS: Mevlanakapi–Silivrikapi, SB: Silivrikapi–Belgradkapi, and BY: Belgradkapi–Yedikule kapi) along the road line. First, the phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and physicochemical properties in kale and arugula vegetables were examined. Second, heavy metal concentrations in vegetables, soil, and irrigated water were investigated. In both vegetables, the highest total phenolic content was detected in samples obtained from far distance in SB site (3880.3 mg/kg) for kale and in BY site (1459.9 mg/kg) for arugula, whereas the lowest content was found at the close distance in MS site for both kale (448.5 mg/kg) and arugula (586.4 mg/kg). The antioxidant activity values [mg Trolox/kg (dw)] ranged from 366.74 to 586.10 and 2349.00 to 3757.4 for kale and from 520.00 to 945.60 and 3323.00 to 5814.70 for arugula in 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl methods, respectively. The levels of Cd and Hg in kale and arugula and Fe content in arugula exceeded FAO/WHO permissible limits, making them unsafe for human consumption. Meanwhile, the Pb content in kale and arugula and Fe content in kale were observed to be within acceptable limits set by FAO/WHO. In the irrigated water, the Pb value was below the permissible limit, whereas the Cd value was above it and no Hg and Fe were detected. In the soil samples, the Pb and Fe values were below the limit, whereas the Cd and Hg values were higher.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Elucidation of heavy metal content, phenolic profiles, and antioxidant activities of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) and arugula (Brassica eruca L.) grown in urban gardens in Istanbul

Amanpour,

Coskun,

Kanmaz

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Science

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“…The main antioxidant compounds found in onions are flavonoids, quercetin, kaempferol, and their derivates [33]. The onion's antioxidant activity is related to its ability to reduce the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) [34,35]. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed distinct effects on antioxidant properties, sugar components, and volatile compounds in the plant organs (bulb and leaf blade) and genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of the Morphometric and Biochemical Traits of Allium cepa L. Varieties

Arena,

Ben Ammar,

Major

et al. 2024

Plants

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Several Allium cepa L. varieties, representing a versatile set of vegetables widely utilized by consumers, are appreciated for their bioactive properties, including antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant capacities. The aim of this study is to compare the morphometric characteristics and biochemical profiles of four cultivars of A. cepa, two of them represented by the perennial Sicilian landrace “Cipudda agghiarola” (Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrader), widely known as the Egyptian walking onion (WO), and by the landrace “Cipudduzza” belonging to the variety known as aggregatum (ON), which were compared with two commercial cultivars of A. cepa var. cepa (onion), Stoccarda (OS) and Rossa Carmen (OR). The experimental trial was conducted in Catania (Sicily), following organic growing practices. The randomized complete block experimental design was adopted with one experimental factor, the genotype (GE) effect. The harvested plants were characterized for their main morphometric parameters, according to the International Plant Genetic Resources (IGPR) descriptors. The biochemical activity was assessed by analyzing the total phenolic content (TPC) and the total flavonoid content (TFC). The antioxidant capacity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). The sugar profile (total sugars, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and fructooligosaccharides—FOS) and the volatile compounds by headspace-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) were also determined. The OR bulb exhibited the highest TPC (16.3 mg GAE/g d.w., p < 0.01) and TFC (8.5 mg QE/g d.w., p < 0.01), with the highest antioxidant capacity measured by the FRAP (27.1 µmol TE/g d.w., p < 0.01) and DPPH assays (46.2 µmol TE/g d.w., p < 0.01). The ON bulb showed the highest ORAC value (209 µmol TE/g d.w., p < 0.01). Generally, the bulbs were richer in sugars (584 mg/g d.w., p < 0.01) than the leaf blade (239 mg/g d.w., p < 0.01), except for OR. Significant interaction between the genotype and plant organ was noted in the volatile compound profiles (p < 0.05) except for total ketones and carboxylic acids, where higher content was observed in the leaf blade compared to the bulb, regardless of the genotype. These findings highlight WO’s potential for use in ready-to-eat products, enhancing its market value.

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“…It has gained significant attention and is now regarded as the most sought-after product derived from glucoraphanin due to its remarkable health benefits. As depicted in Figure 2 , SFN is one of the bioactive compounds that is abundant in broccoli (16.6–57.7 μmol/g d.w) [ 46 ], cabbages (41.0–177.0 μg/g d.w) [ 47 ], kale (4.0–12.5 μmol/g d.w) [ 48 ], bok choy (0.3–1.4 μmol/g d.w) [ 49 ], cauliflower (3.8–9.2 μg/g d.w) [ 50 ], kohlrabi (0.78–40.25 μmol/g d.w) [ 51 ], and Brussels sprouts (336–1483.76 μg/g d.w) [ 52 ]. Accumulating evidence suggests that SFN has beneficial effects in ameliorating complications associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer, primarily through the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ].…”

Section: Uncovering Sfn As a Nutraceuticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Nutritional Veil of Sulforaphane: With a Major Focus on Glucose Homeostasis Modulation

Wang,

He,

Cheng

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Abnormal glucose homeostasis is associated with metabolic syndromes including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity, highlighting the significance of maintaining a balanced glucose level for optimal biological function. This highlights the importance of maintaining normal glucose levels for proper biological functioning. Sulforaphane (SFN), the primary bioactive compound in broccoli from the Cruciferae or Brassicaceae family, has been shown to enhance glucose homeostasis effectively while exhibiting low cytotoxicity. This paper assesses the impact of SFN on glucose homeostasis in vitro, in vivo, and human trials, as well as the molecular mechanisms that drive its regulatory effects. New strategies have been proposed to enhance the bioavailability and targeted delivery of SFN in order to overcome inherent instability. The manuscript also covers the safety evaluations of SFN that have been documented for its production and utilization. Hence, a deeper understanding of the favorable influence and mechanism of SFN on glucose homeostasis, coupled with the fact that SFN is abundant in the human daily diet, may ultimately offer theoretical evidence to support its potential use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

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Insights into the phytochemical composition of selected genotypes of organic kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala)

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

Elucidation of heavy metal content, phenolic profiles, and antioxidant activities of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) and arugula (Brassica eruca L.) grown in urban gardens in Istanbul

Elucidation of heavy metal content, phenolic profiles, and antioxidant activities of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) and arugula (Brassica eruca L.) grown in urban gardens in Istanbul

Diversity of the Morphometric and Biochemical Traits of Allium cepa L. Varieties

Unveiling the Nutritional Veil of Sulforaphane: With a Major Focus on Glucose Homeostasis Modulation

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