Insights into the role of fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

Levy, Alexander N.; Allegretti, Jessica R.

doi:10.1177/1756284819836893

Cited by 72 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…152 There is some evidence that FMT might be effective for UC. [152][153][154][155][156][157] However, because of the chronic alterations in the microbiome of patients with IBD, repeated FMT might be required. In fact, a subgroup analysis of UC cohort studies demonstrated that patients who received a greater number of FMT infusions were more likely to achieve remission.…”

Section: Microbiota-based Strategies In Patients With Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease

Glassner

Abraham

Quigley

2020

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

595

363

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immunemediated disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract. IBD consists of 2 subtypes: ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease. IBD is thought to develop as a result of interactions between environmental, microbial, and immune-mediated factors in a genetically susceptible host. Of late, the potential role of the microbiome in the development, progression, and treatment of IBD has been a subject of considerable interest and enquiry. Indeed, studies in human subjects have shown that the gut microbiome is different in patients with IBD compared with that in healthy control subjects. Other evidence in support of a fundamental role for the microbiome in patients with IBD includes identification of mutations in genes involved in microbiome-immune interactions among patients with IBD and epidemiologic observations implicating such microbiotamodulating risk factors as antibiotic use, cigarette smoking, levels of sanitation, and diet in the pathogenesis of IBD. Consequently, there has been much interest in the possible benefits of microbiome-modulating interventions, such as probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and gene manipulation in the treatment of IBD. In this review we will discuss the role of the gut microbiome in patients with IBD; our focus will be on human studies. (J

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Section: Microbiota-based Strategies In Patients With Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease

Glassner

Abraham

Quigley

2020

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

595

363

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Despite these challenges, evidence supports that FMT induces clinical remission in UC, particularly when patients received multiple, lower gastrointestinal infusions 126 . Clinical remission was achieved for 28% of UC patients across four randomized controlled trials 127 . Variable response rates to FMT in UC are likely due to the heterogeneity of the disease.…”

Section: Microbiome-based Ibd Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial genes and pathways in inflammatory bowel disease

et al. 2019

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Perturbations in the intestinal microbiome are implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies of treatment-naive patients have identified microbial taxa associated with disease course and treatment efficacy. In order to gain a mechanistic understanding of how the microbiome impacts gastrointestinal health, we need to move from census to function. Bacteria including those that adhere to epithelial cells as well as several Clostridium species can alter differentiation of T helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells. Similarly, microbial products such as short-chain fatty acids and sphingolipids also influence immune responses. Metagenomics and culturomics have identified strains of Ruminococcus gnavus and adherent invasive Escherichia coli that are linked to IBD and gut inflammation. Integrated analysis of multi-omics data, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics, with measurements of host response and culturomics have great potential in understanding the role of the microbiome in IBD. In this Review, we highlight current knowledge of gut microbial factors linked to IBD pathogenesis and discuss how multi-omics data from large-scale population studies in health and disease have been used to identify specific microbial strains, transcriptional changes, and metabolic alterations associated with IBD.

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“…The administration of antibiotics, such as vancomycin, metronidazole, or fidaxomicin, is typically successful in relieving CDI symptoms. However, the treatment of recurrent infections from C. difficile is a great therapeutic challenge, where the transplantation of gut microbiota seems particularly promising in restoring gut homeostasis [104]. After CDI treatment, the risk of a recurrence within 8 weeks is 15-25% and is further increased up to 60% in patients with multiple recurrences [105].…”

Section: Restoration Of the Gut Microbiota As Therapeutic For CDImentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Role of Human Gut Microbiota in Clostridioides difficile Infection

Kachrimanidou

Tsintarakis

2020

Microorganisms

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Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has emerged as a major health problem worldwide. A major risk factor for disease development is prior antibiotic use, which disrupts the normal gut microbiota by altering its composition and the gut’s metabolic functions, leading to the loss of colonization resistance and subsequent CDI. Data from human studies have shown that the presence of C. difficile, either as a colonizer or as a pathogen, is associated with a decreased level of gut microbiota diversity. The investigation of the gut’s microbial communities, in both healthy subjects and patients with CDI, elucidate the role of microbiota and improve the current biotherapeutics for patients with CDI. Fecal microbiota transplantation has a major role in managing CDI, aiming at re-establishing colonization resistance in the host gastrointestinal tract by replenishing the gut microbiota. New techniques, such as post-genomics, proteomics and metabolomics analyses, can possibly determine in the future the way in which C. difficile eradicates colonization resistance, paving the way for the development of new, more successful treatments and prevention. The aim of the present review is to present recent data concerning the human gut microbiota with a focus on its important role in health and disease.

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Insights into the role of fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 72 publications

References 51 publications

The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease

The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease

Microbial genes and pathways in inflammatory bowel disease

Insights into the Role of Human Gut Microbiota in Clostridioides difficile Infection

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