Insights into the social life and obscure side of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species: ubiquitous, emerging and multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogens

Mello, Thaís Pereira de; Bittencourt, Vera Carolina B.; Liporagi-Lopes, Livia Cristina; Aor, Ana Carolina; Branquinha, Marta H.; Santos, André Luis Souza dos

doi:10.1016/j.fbr.2018.07.002

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Scedosporium and Lomentospora species are widely distributed filamentous fungi that emerged as etiologic agents of localized and disseminated diseases in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Fungal ball and mycetoma are usual clinical manifestations caused by these fungi, resembling a classical biofilm structure (Mello et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccharide sources do not influence the biofilm formation in Scedosporium/Lomentospora species

Mello

Branquinha²,

Santos

2020

Exp Results

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Scedosporium and Lomentospora species are ubiquitous saprophytic filamentous fungi that emerged as human pathogens with impressive multidrug-resistance profile. The ability to form biofilm over several biotic and abiotic surfaces is one of the characteristics that contributes to their resistance patterns against almost all currently available antifungals. Herein, we have demonstrated that Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium minutisporum, Scedosporium aurantiacum and Lomentospora prolificans were able to form biofilm, in similar amounts, when conidial cells were incubated in a polystyrene substrate containing Sabouraud medium supplemented or not with different concentrations (2%, 5% and 10%) of glucose, fructose, sucrose and lactose. Likewise, the glucose supplementation of culture media primarily composed of amino acids (SCFM, synthetic cystic fibrosis medium) and salts (YNB, yeast nitrogen base) did not modulate the biofilm formation of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species. Collectively, the present data reinforce the ability of these opportunistic fungi to colonize and to build biofilm structures under different environmental conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccharide sources do not influence the biofilm formation in Scedosporium/Lomentospora species

Mello

Branquinha²,

Santos

2020

Exp Results

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“…Scedosporium apiospermum is a saprophytic filamentous fungus that emerged as an opportunistic pathogen able to cause localised and disseminated infections in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. 1 , 2 One of the most common pathological manifestations caused by S. apiospermum is known as eumycetoma, a superficial and localised cutaneous and subcutaneous infection normally caused by traumatic events, for example burns and skin injuries, which lead to the inoculation of conidial cells and/or mycelial fragments directly into host tissues. 1 , 3 S. apiospermum can also cause invasive and disseminated infections such as pneumonia, fungal ball, paranasal sinusitis, allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis, corneal inflammation, endocarditis and manifestations in the central nervous system.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that the interaction process between microorganisms and host cells is a crucial step for successful tissue colonisation. 2 , 8 To ensure that an infection is established, fungi exhibit distinct invasion strategies, such as conidial germination, which is a key event in the pathogenesis of filamentous fungi in order to cross tissue planes when these organisms invade host cells. 2 , 9 , 10 In this line area, our group has demonstrated that conidial cells of S. apiospermum , S. aurantiacum , S. minutisporum and Lomentospora prolificans germinate in vitro under different growth conditions, initially forming a germ tube-like projection that grows in size forming long hyphae.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 , 8 To ensure that an infection is established, fungi exhibit distinct invasion strategies, such as conidial germination, which is a key event in the pathogenesis of filamentous fungi in order to cross tissue planes when these organisms invade host cells. 2 , 9 , 10 In this line area, our group has demonstrated that conidial cells of S. apiospermum , S. aurantiacum , S. minutisporum and Lomentospora prolificans germinate in vitro under different growth conditions, initially forming a germ tube-like projection that grows in size forming long hyphae. 2 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 The interaction among these hyphae gives rise to a structure resembling a mature biofilm, which could contribute to the increased ability of the fungus to disseminate and evade host immune attacks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remarkably, very little research has focused on understanding the interaction process between host cells and fungi belonging to the Scedosporium genus. 2 , 12 , 15 The study of this important step is fundamental for providing information required to uncover possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenicity of S. apiospermum . In this context, and due to the lack of information, we have decided to ultrastructurally study the ability of S. apiospermum conidia to interact with non-phagocytic (alveolar epithelial and lung fibroblast cells) and phagocytic (macrophages) cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructural viewpoints on the interaction events of Scedosporium apiospermum conidia with lung and macrophage cells

Aor

Mello

Sangenito

et al. 2018

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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BACKGROUND Scedosporium apiospermum is a ubiquitous, emerging and multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen with still rather unknown virulence mechanisms.OBJECTIVES/METHODS The cellular basis of the in vitro interaction between fungi and host cells/tissues is the determinant factor for the development of a successful in vivo infection. Herein, we evaluated the interaction of S. apiospermum conidia with lung epithelial (A549), lung fibroblast (MRC-5) and RAW 264.7 macrophages by light and scanning/transmission electron microscopy.FINDINGS After 4 h of fungi-host cell contact, the percentage of infected mammalian cells and the number of fungi per infected cell was measured by light microscopy, and the following association indexes were calculated for A549, MRC-5 and macrophage cells: 73.2 ± 25.9, 69.7 ± 22.5 and 59.7 ± 11.1, respectively. Both conidia and germinated conidia were regularly observed interacting with the evaluated cells, with a higher prevalence of non-germinated conidia. Interestingly, nests of germinated conidia were evidenced at the surface of lung cells by scanning electron microscopy. Some germination projections and hyphae were seen penetrating/evading the mammalian cells. Furthermore, internalised conidia were seen within vacuoles as visualised by transmission electron microscopy.MAIN CONCLUSIONS The present study contributes to a better understanding of S. apiospermum pathogenesis by demonstrating the first steps of the infection process of this opportunistic fungus.

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Ten decadal advances in fungal biology leading towards human well-being

et al. 2022

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Fungi are an understudied resource possessing huge potential for developing products that can greatly improve human well-being. In the current paper, we highlight some important discoveries and developments in applied mycology and interdisciplinary Life Science research. These examples concern recently introduced drugs for the treatment of infections and neurological diseases; application of –OMICS techniques and genetic tools in medical mycology and the regulation of mycotoxin production; as well as some highlights of mushroom cultivaton in Asia. Examples for new diagnostic tools in medical mycology and the exploitation of new candidates for therapeutic drugs, are also given. In addition, two entries illustrating the latest developments in the use of fungi for biodegradation and fungal biomaterial production are provided. Some other areas where there have been and/or will be significant developments are also included. It is our hope that this paper will help realise the importance of fungi as a potential industrial resource and see the next two decades bring forward many new fungal and fungus-derived products.

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Insights into the social life and obscure side of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species: ubiquitous, emerging and multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogens

Cited by 31 publications

References 232 publications

Saccharide sources do not influence the biofilm formation in Scedosporium/Lomentospora species

Saccharide sources do not influence the biofilm formation in Scedosporium/Lomentospora species

Ultrastructural viewpoints on the interaction events of Scedosporium apiospermum conidia with lung and macrophage cells

Ten decadal advances in fungal biology leading towards human well-being

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