Insights on <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> and <i>Mycoplasma synoviae</i> infection in poultry: a systematic review

Yadav, Jay Prakash; Tomar, Piyush; Singh, Y.; Khurana, Sandip Kumar

doi:10.1080/10495398.2021.1908316

Cited by 57 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The Egyptian poultry industry is a lucrative investment opportunity since the domestic market for poultry meat consumption is large and has significant growth potential due to population increase and per capita consumption growth, driven by the country's improving economy ( Shatokhin et al., 2017 ; Abdelnour et al., 2020a , b ; Sheiha et al., 2020 ). Mycoplasma is a major pathogen that threatens the poultry industry and causes severe economic losses worldwide ( Eissa et al., 2014 ; Marouf et al., 2020 ; Yadav et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

et al. 2022

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Mycoplasma gallisepticum ( MG ) is a worldwide ruined bacteria affecting different avian species, causing severe economic losses. Consequently, the current research sought to detect the incidence of MG among different commercial broiler, layer chickens and turkey farms, and environmental litter samples in different Egyptian governorates (Damietta, Giza, El-Qalyobia, El-Sharqia, and El-Behera) from January 2019 to December 2020. Four hundred samples (infraorbital sinus aspirates, tracheal swabs, serum from diseased birds, and organ samples; lung tissues, air sacs and tracheal bifurcation from freshly dead birds), and environmental samples (litter) were collected for MG isolation. Samples were subjected to phenotypic and molecular identification. Positive bacteriological samples were subjected for molecular identification using polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) test to detect MG, then sequencing for PCR amplicon of mgc 2 gene. Out of 332 samples subjected for bacteriological examination, 206 were bacteriologically positive for MG with an incidence of 62%. The highest incidence of MG was detected in turkey farms at a rate of 83%, followed by broiler chicken farms, layer chicken farms and litter samples at a percentage of 70, 40, and 40, respectively. The highest prevalence of MG in chickens and turkey was recorded during the winter and autumn seasons. Molecular identification of MG isolates revealed that 85% of isolates were positive for mgc 2 gene using PCR. The Four sequenced strains in this study are closely related and placed in one group with the vaccine strain 6/85 and ts11 strain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

et al. 2022

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“…Mycoplasmosis, caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), is a global respiratory disease that affects poultry and leads to a reduction in the laying capacity and growth of chickens [18]. MG provokes chronic inflammation of the airways and lungs, respiratory distress, severe inflammation of the mucous membranes, and lesions of the trachea and air sacs of varying severities [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of N-acetylcysteine in Healthy and Mycoplasma gallisepticum-Infected Chickens

Petkova

Milanova

2021

Veterinary Sciences

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N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used as a mucolytic agent in cases with inflammation of the lungs. NAC is applied in poultry with aflatoxin B1 intoxication as an antioxidant, but its pharmacokinetics are not known. The present study was conducted to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of orally administered NAC in broilers. It included 32 chickens, divided into four groups, treated with NAC at a dose rate of 100 mg/kg/day mixed with the feed: healthy broilers (n=6); chickens infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (n = 10); healthy broilers (n = 6); and diseased chickens (n = 10) treated with NAC and doxycycline (via drinking water, 20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)). Plasma concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography –Mass Spectrometry (MS)/MS. NAC was absorbed after oral administration in all four groups of chickens. In healthy chickens treated solely with NAC, maximum plasma concentrations of 2.26 ± 0.91 µg mL−1 were achieved at 2.47 ± 0.45 h after dosing. The value of absorption half-life was 1.04 ± 0.53 h. The population pharmacokinetic analysis showed that dose adjustment of NAC is not required in M. gallisepticum-infected broilers or when it is combined with doxycycline.

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“…Turkey population are not frequently been studied probably because they are less economically important to the poultry industry in Malaysia as compared to chicken and duck (Yadav et al, 2021). The only study on parasitic infection in turkey population in Malaysia was conducted by Mohammad Zarith et al (2017) who reported on the occurrence of endo-and ectoparasites infection in free-range turkey population from Kedah, Malaysia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular subtyping and phylogeny of Blastocystis sp. isolated from turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) populations in Penang, Malaysia

J.A.N.¹

2021

Trop Biomed

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Most poultry farms in Malaysia preferred rearing chickens either for eggs or/and meat than turkeys. This is due to several challenges such as parasitic load and heat stress in rearing turkey. Blastocystis is one of the most common protozoan parasites infecting poultry. As no study was conducted on Blastocystis infection in turkey in Malaysia, this study aims to determine the current status, the morphological characteristics and subtyping of Blastocystis from turkey reared either in closed house or free-range system in Penang, Malaysia. It was found that the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. infection in turkeys were moderately high with 41.6% (25/60) in the closed house and 45.0% (45/100) in free-range system as infection was higher in the female turkeys with no gastrointestinal signs and symptoms. Vacuolar form was the most common form found in the in vitro culture ranged between 5 to 20 μm in diameter with a rough surface coat and undulating cell surface viewed under the scanning electron microscope. Meanwhile, the ultrastructure of the cells from turkey isolates were varies with partially expanded electron-opaque vacuoles to electron-dense in fully distended vacuoles. Interestingly, sequence analysis for 30 positive Blastocystis isolates from turkeys revealed one subtypes with three alleles namely, ST7 allele 99 (73.4%, n=22), ST7 allele 100 (23.3%, n=7) and ST7 allele 101 (3.3%, n=1). Findings from this study added to our understanding on Blastocystis infection in turkey production.

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Insights on Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae infection in poultry: a systematic review

Cited by 57 publications

References 65 publications

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

Absorption of N-acetylcysteine in Healthy and Mycoplasma gallisepticum-Infected Chickens

Molecular subtyping and phylogeny of Blastocystis sp. isolated from turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) populations in Penang, Malaysia

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