Insights on the Early-Life Origins of Alzheimer's Disease: Relevance for Primary Prevention?

Albert, Steven M.

doi:10.1159/000441315

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…What are the earliest origins of AD? Based on epidemiological surveys and animal experiments over the past decades, studies support the idea that AD-related brain changes may originate from conception and early life ( Albert, 2015 ; Seifan et al, 2015 ; Mormino et al, 2016 ; Rannikko et al, 2016 ). The fetal origin hypothesis indicates that adverse prenatal and postnatal environmental conditions increase the risk of future neurodegenerative disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Correlation between Early Stages of Life Exposed to Chinese Famine and Cognitive Decline in Adulthood: Nutrition of Adulthood Plays an Important Role in the Link?

Rong

et al. 2018

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether people exposed to the Chinese Famine in fetal period or in multiple stages of childhood are associated with cognitive decline in adulthood. Furthermore, the nutritional environment of adulthood was explored as an important factor in this correlation.Methods: 1162 adults born between 1952 and 1964 were recruited. They were divided into five groups which were non-exposed group, fetal-exposed group, early childhood-exposed group, mid childhood-exposed group and late childhood-exposed group. Cognitive function was measured by using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery test, including Montreal cognitive assessment-Beijing version, mini-mental state examination, auditory verbal learning test, digit span forward, digit span backward, trail making test, and digit symbol test. Semi-quantified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the dietary nutrition in their adulthood. The dietary nutrient consumption pattern was identified by Two-step and K-means cluster analysis.Results: The significant differences in cognitive function were manifested in different groups. Compared with non-exposed group, subjects in fetal-exposed group had a higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (OR 1.51 95% CI 1.02–2.23, P = 0.039) and global cognitive decline (OR 1.68 59% CI 1.02–2.77, P = 0.044). The similar result was also observed in subjects of early childhood-exposed group. Otherwise, subjects who were classified in high nutrient consumption pattern had higher risk of cognitive decline. Moreover, the higher consumption of several nutrients such as fat, carbohydrate and manganese were associated with worse performance on digit span forward, digit span backward, trail making test A, trail making test B and digit symbol.Conclusion: Early stages of life exposed to the Chinese Famine were associated with higher risk of cognitive decline in adulthood. The stronger associations were manifested in the people with high nutrient consumption pattern. The consumption of fat, carbohydrate and manganese were associated with multiple domains cognitive decline.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Correlation between Early Stages of Life Exposed to Chinese Famine and Cognitive Decline in Adulthood: Nutrition of Adulthood Plays an Important Role in the Link?

Rong

et al. 2018

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…The carotid artery is the earliest involved blood vessel in the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, some studies have revealed that carotid ultrasound measurement, which is usually carotid IMT, is closely correlated with the severity of extracranial CAS [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variant C677T and risk of carotid atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis of 730 Chinese Han adults in Chongqing

Peng¹,

Zhou²,

Wu³

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background: Uncertainty still remains on the correlation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variant C677T with risk of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS), and there is a lack of reports on C677T/MTHFR in the Asian population. The association of C677T/MTHFR polymorphisms with CAS in the Chinese Han population in Chongqing was investigated in the present study. Methods: Subjects (n = 730, 214 females and 516 males, Han ethnicity) who provided an informed consent were randomly selected from the general population of Chongqing, China. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and Sanger sequencing genotyping assays were used to determine the MTHFR genotypes. The atherosclerosis index of the intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by high-resolution ultrasound to evaluate the CAS. Less than 1.0 mm was considered as normal for IMT, 1.0-1.5 mm was considered as thickening, and ≥ 1.5 mm and a local bulge thickened in the lumen was considered as CAS. According to the carotid ultrasonography results, these subjects were divided into two groups: CAS-group (IMT ≥ 1.0 mm) and control group (IMT < 1.0 mm). Results: The frequency of C/T heterozygotes, T/T homozygotes genotype was significantly higher in the subjects with CAS (62% vs. 36.9%; 16.2% vs. 9.5%; 47.2% vs. 27.9%, P < 0.05), while the frequency of C/C homozygotes and C allele was significantly lower (21.8% vs. 53.7%; 52.8% vs. 72.1%, P < 0.05), when compared to the control group. The risk of CAS was higher for subjects with C/T heterozygotes and T/T homozygotes (OR = 4.06, 95% CI: 2.76-5.98, P < 0.001 and OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.73-5.69, P < 0.001, respectively), when compared to the subjects with the C/C genotype. In the model 1 (CT + TT versus CC), C677T/MTHFR was significantly associated with the prevalence of CAS, and the all adjusted OR values for CAS were 3.87 (95% CI, 2.67 to 5.62) in all, 17.18 (95% CI, 7.27 to 40.49) in women and 2.57 (95% CI, 1.65 to 3.99) in men after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The present study suggests that a mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is a risk factor of CAS in the Chinese Han population.

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“…Recent results indicate that risk factors to develop AD may include genetics, head injury, insulin resistance, and inflammation with a complex interplay between genetic and environmental exposures [3,4]. At present, the clinical focus is on the prevention of early onset based on identifying people at risk for developing the disease, designing and providing new therapies that are capable of slowing its progression [5]. Midlife risk factors considered [3,4] are:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer’s Disease: A Thermodynamic Perspective

2020

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Alzheimer’s disease is investigated using a thermodynamic approach based on ion fluxes across the neuronal membrane. Our study indicates that the onset of Alzheimer’s may be aided by a hyperpolarization of this membrane, because hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated HCN channels 1–4 conduct inward, with the consequence of depolarising Na+/K+ currents which in turn impacts synaptic transmission and reduces plasticity.

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Insights on the Early-Life Origins of Alzheimer's Disease: Relevance for Primary Prevention?

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

The Correlation between Early Stages of Life Exposed to Chinese Famine and Cognitive Decline in Adulthood: Nutrition of Adulthood Plays an Important Role in the Link?

The Correlation between Early Stages of Life Exposed to Chinese Famine and Cognitive Decline in Adulthood: Nutrition of Adulthood Plays an Important Role in the Link?

Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variant C677T and risk of carotid atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis of 730 Chinese Han adults in Chongqing

Alzheimer’s Disease: A Thermodynamic Perspective

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