Insomnia Disorder in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Patients: Clinical, Comorbidity, and Treatment Correlates

Fadeuilhe, Christian; Daigre, Constanza; Richarte, Vanesa; Grau-López, Lara; Palma-Álvarez, Raúl Felipe; Corrales, Montse; Ramos‐Quiroga, Josep Antoni

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.663889

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The clinical characteristics differentiating those with Insomnia/Delayed Sleep Phase and No Sleep Difficulties were parent-reported emotional and conduct symptoms, co-occurring anxiety and parent mental health difficulties. These findings are consistent with other studies finding associations between anxiety/emotional symptoms and insomnia in adults with ADHD (Fadeuilhe et al, 2021) and global sleep difficulties in children with ADHD (Becker et al, 2015;Martin et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Variation in sleep profiles in children with ADHD and associated clinical characteristics

Sciberras

Cortese

Becker

et al. 2023

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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BackgroundSleep difficulties are common in children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, sleep problems are multifaceted and little is known about the variation in sleep difficulties across children with ADHD. We examined the profiles of sleep difficulties in children with ADHD and associated clinical factors (e.g. co‐occurring mental health conditions, stimulant use and parent mental health).MethodsData from two harmonised studies of children with ADHD (total: N = 392, ages 5–13 years) were used. Parents completed measures of children's sleep, co‐occurring mental health conditions and their own mental health. Both parents and teachers completed measures of child ADHD symptoms and emotional and conduct symptoms. Latent profile analysis was used to identify sleep profiles, and multinomial logistic regression assessed clinical correlates of the groups.ResultsFive sleep profiles were identified: (a) insomnia/delayed sleep phase (36%), (b) generalised sleep difficulties at sleep onset and overnight (25%), (c) high anxious/bedtime resistance difficulties (11%), (d) overnight sleep difficulties including obstructive sleep apnoea and parasomnias (5%) and (e) no sleep difficulties (22%). Compared with the group without sleep difficulties, the generalised, anxious/bedtime resistance and insomnia/delayed sleep phase sleep had greater parent‐reported emotional and conduct symptoms, co‐occurring anxiety and increased parent mental health difficulties. The generalised and anxious/bedtime resistance groups also had greater parent‐reported ADHD symptoms, with the anxious/bedtime resistance sleep group also having more frequent co‐occurring depression and teacher‐reported emotional symptoms.ConclusionsThe sleep difficulties experienced by children with ADHD are varied. Supports to help children with ADHD need to consider the particular profiles of sleep difficulties experienced and broader clinical characteristics. Tailored intervention approaches are likely needed (including a need to address parent mental health).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Variation in sleep profiles in children with ADHD and associated clinical characteristics

Sciberras

Cortese

Becker

et al. 2023

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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“…Persistent insomnia can lead to an impairment in the quality of life and mental health (Fadeuilhe et al, 2021). Recently, insomnia has been gaining attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insomnia Promotes Hepatic Steatosis in Rats Possibly by Mediating Sympathetic Overactivation

Wang

Liang

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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Background: Insomnia is a widespread problem that can lead to the occurrence of other diseases and correlates closely with sympathetic nerve hyperactivation. Obesity-induced hepatic steatosis is mediated by sympathetic overactivation. However, it remains unclear whether insomnia may cause hepatic steatosis. The goal of this study was to preliminarily investigate whether insomnia caused hepatic steatosis in rats via sympathetic hyperactivation.Methods: A total of 32 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided randomly into four groups: model, sympathetic denervation (Sd), estazolam, and control (eight rats/group). Model group received sustained sleep deprivation using the modified multiple platform method. In the Sd group, rats underwent sleep deprivation after receiving Sd by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Estazolam group: the rats concurrently received sleep deprivation and treatment with estazolam. The other eight rats housed in cages and kept in a comfortable environment were used as control. Blood samples were obtained for analysis of plasma lipids and hepatic function. Sympathetic hyperactivation-related indexes and hepatic steatosis in liver tissues were tested.Results: Liver enzymes, plasma lipid levels, and hepatic steatosis were elevated in insomnia rats, and sympathetic hyperactivation was found. Insomnia-induced hepatic steatosis was effectively lowered with pharmacological ablation of the hepatic sympathetic nerves. Furthermore, the treatment of insomnia with estazolam inhibited sympathetic activation and reduced hepatic steatosis.Conclusion: Sustained sleep deprivation-induced insomnia promotes hepatic steatosis in rats possibly by mediating sympathetic overactivation.

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“…This suggests that sleep disruption of one parent may be a conduit for parental distress among both parents. The transmission of poor sleep among couples is particularly relevant among families affected by ADHD given the high rates of sleep disturbances reported among individuals with ADHD (Fadeuilhe et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent ADHD Is Associated With Greater Parenting Distress in the First Year Postpartum

et al. 2021

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Objective: Little is known about the experience of parenting infants when a mother or father has ADHD. This study examined cross-sectional predictors of parenting distress experienced by parents with and without ADHD who also have infants. Methods: Participants were 73 mother-father pairs ( N = 146) of infants 6 to 10 months old. Half of the families included a parent with ADHD. Psychosocial predictors were tested using multilevel modeling. Results: Parent or partner ADHD, lower parent sleep quality, fewer social supports, and less infant surgency and effortful control were associated with greater parental distress. Infant negative affect and sleep were not associated. Conclusions: Parents with ADHD and their partners experience greater parenting distress in the first year of their child’s life than parents without ADHD. Addressing parent ADHD symptoms and co-occurring difficulties, including sleep disturbances, are potential targets for early interventions to maximize both parent and infant mental health outcomes.

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Insomnia Disorder in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Patients: Clinical, Comorbidity, and Treatment Correlates

Cited by 18 publications

References 69 publications

Variation in sleep profiles in children with ADHD and associated clinical characteristics

Variation in sleep profiles in children with ADHD and associated clinical characteristics

Insomnia Promotes Hepatic Steatosis in Rats Possibly by Mediating Sympathetic Overactivation

Parent ADHD Is Associated With Greater Parenting Distress in the First Year Postpartum

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