Inspection of antennas embedded in smart composite structures using microwave NDT methods and X-ray computed tomography

Hassan, Omar S.; Saif ur Rahman, Mohammed; Mustapha, Ademola A.; Gaya, Sagiru; Abou-Khousa, Mohamed A.; Cantwell, Wesley J.

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2023.114086

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

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“…Damage detection in steel pipes is an essential challenge for non-destructive testing (NDT). Different NDT techniques have been employed for damage monitoring on ferromagnetic pipes, including liquid penetrant tests [4], ultrasonic tests [5], dynamic permeability testing [6], corrosion monitoring techniques [7], visual inspection and assessment techniques [8], eddy current testing [9], magnetic flux leakage testing [10], and X-ray inspection [11]. Defects in ferromagnetic pipes can be detected using liquid-penetrant testing based on the accumulation of a liquid around the defect on the sample surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inspection of Semi-Elliptical Defects in a Steel Pipe Using the Metal Magnetic Memory Method

Villegas-Saucillo,

Diaz-Carmona,

Prado-Olivares

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Ferromagnetic pipes are widely used for fluid transportation in various industries. The failure of these ferromagnetic pipes due to surface defects can generate industrial accidents, economic losses, and environmental pollution. Non-destructive testing techniques are required to detect these surface defects. An alternative is the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method, which can be employed to detect surface flaws in ferromagnetic structures. Based on this method, we present an analysis of experimental results of the magnetic field variations around five different surface semi-elliptical defects of an ASTM A36 steel pipe. A measurement system of MMM signals is implemented with a rotatory mechanism, a magnetoresistive sensor, a data processing unit, and a control digital unit. The MMM method does not require expensive equipment or special treatment of the ferromagnetic structures. In order to research a potential relationship between the defect sample size and the measured MMM signals, variable defect dimensions are experimentally considered. According to these results, the shape and magnitude of the normal and tangential MMM signals are altered by the superficial semi-elliptical defects. In particular, the maximum and mean tangential components and the maximum and minimum normal components are related to the defect dimensions. The proposed measurement system can be used to study the behavior of magnetic field variations around surface defects of ferromagnetic pipes. This system can be adapted to measure the position and damage level of small defects on the surface of ferromagnetic pipes.

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