Inspiratory Muscle Training: Integrative Review of Use in Conditions Other Than COPD

Abstract

Inspiratory muscle training (IM training) is a technique that is designed to improve the performance of the respiratory muscles (RMs) that may be impaired in a variety of conditions. Interest in IM training has expanded over the past two decades, and IM training has been used in an increasingly wide range of clinical conditions. However, the benefits of IM training continue to be debated, primarily because of methodological limitations of studies conducted to date. The focus of this article is to provide a critical review of IM training research in conditions other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for which it has been used, including asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, pre- and postsurgery, ventilator weaning, neuromuscular diseases, and chronic heart failure. Emphasis is placed on what has been learned, remaining questions, future applications, and significance to practice.

Inspiratory Muscle Training in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

“…Studies involving IMT in COPD and heart failure have often reported an improvement in respiratory muscle strength. [24][25][26] In a recent meta-analysis, Gosselink et al 9 examined 32 randomized controlled trials on IMT in COPD and reported a significant effect with an increase in MIP of 13 cmH 2 O. In our study, we found a 26.14 ± 12.15 cmH 2 O (median of 12 cmH 2 O) increase in MIP after IMT.…”

Treinamento muscular inspiratório em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca: metanálise de estudos randomizados

“…In addition, we searched the bibliographies of published studies 6,16 . The search was performed in July 2011 and comprised the following terms: " breathing exercises", "inspiratory muscle training", "respiratory muscle training", "heart failure", "congestive heart failure", "heart ventricles", "congestive cardiomyopathy", "ventricular dysfunction" combined with a high sensitivity combination of words used in the search for randomized clinical trials 17 .…”

Benefits of combining inspiratory muscle with ‘whole muscle’ training in children with cystic fibrosis: a randomised controlled trial

“…IMT involves the training of muscles that act to expand the chest in order to take air into the lungs 7. It is designed to directly improve the performance of these muscles, which are skeletal in nature and thus trainable 7.…”

“…It is designed to directly improve the performance of these muscles, which are skeletal in nature and thus trainable 7. The specific training loads to the inspiratory muscles can be applied with either a non-linear resistive device, a threshold or targeted loading device or normocapnic hyperpnoea; and the training regimens vary in terms of intensity and duration or both 8 9.…”