Instability of pancuronium in postmortem blood and liver taken after a fatal intramuscular Pavulon injection

LC/MS/MS analysis of quaternary ammonium drugs and herbicides in whole blood☆

“…Farenc et al reported that atracurium and its metabolite, laudanosine, were stable over 24 h in acidified plasma at room temperature [16]. Better stability of these compounds was displayed when stored at −30 • C. Pancuronium was found to be stable when stored at −20 • C in blood for up to seven months, however it degraded rapidly at 20 • C [17].…”

A modification of the kinetic determination of pancuronium bromide based on its inhibitory effect on cholinesterase

“…By the development of the novel kinetic method for PCBr determination (20), based on cholinesterase inhibition (benzoylcholine used as the hydrolysis substrate), the application of expensive equipment (HPLC (9,10), GC (11), and LC-ESI-MS (12)(13)(14)) could be avoided, as well as previously necessary complex sample preparation procedures. To replace the coupled reactions for the detection of the hydrolysis product (oxidation by cholinoxidase and peroxidase), the present work deals with the application of a more convenient and cheaper butyrylthicholine iodide as the substrate.…”

“…Many methods for PCBr determination have been reported; techniques and methods such as: high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detector (10) and fluorimetric detector (9), gas chromatography (GC) with nitrogen sensitive detector (11), liquid chromatography-electron spray ionization mass spectometry/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS (MS)) (12)(13)(14), fluorimetric and spectrophotometric methods (15)(16)(17), electroanalytical methods employing membrane ion-selective electrodes (18), and a modified carbon paste electrode (19). In spite of the fact that many different methods have been developed, only some of them are applicable for the determination of PCBr concentration in serum and urine during surgery, and even these did not satisfy all of the important demands of clinical and toxicological practice (accuracy, repro-ductivity, and precision, as well as the duration and the cost of the analysis).…”

Desenvolvimento, validação e comparação de métodos analíticos para determinação de bloqueadores neuromusculares derivados de esteróides

“…Outras técnicas também têm sido utilizadas (URSULA,1973;AUBECK, 1990;STANKOV-JOVANOVIĆ, 2006). Pelo fato de ser uma substância utilizada na injeção letal, vários casos de suicídio têm sido descobertos após análise de tecidos ou outras matrizes biológicas (BRIGLIA, 1990;KŁYS, 2000;KAŁA, 2004;ANDRESEN, 2005;ANDRESEN, 2005 O medicamento é comercializado na forma de solução estéril de 5 e 10 mL contendo 50 e 100 mg, respectivamente. Uma característica diferencial deste fármaco é a ausência do radical similar à acetilcolina no anel A do núcleo esteroidal do brometo de vecurônio e brometo de pancurônio, fato que o faz estável em soluções aquosas (MARSHALL, 1995;BEVAN, 1995;BOM, 2007).…”