Instantaneous Corrosion Rate Measurement with Small-Amplitude Potential Intermodulation Techniques

Bosch, Rik-Wouter; Bogaerts, Walter

doi:10.5006/1.3292115

Cited by 72 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Recently, Bogaerts et al proposed EFM as a novel technique for online corrosion monitoring [7,8]. In this technique current responses due to a potential perturbation by one or more sine waves are measured at more frequencies than the frequency of the applied signal, for example at zero, harmonic and intermodulation frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another advantage of EFM is using the causality factors as a good internal check for verifying the validity of the data obtained by this technique. EFM used successfully for corrosion rate measurements for mild steel in acidic and neutral environment without and with inhibitors [8]. Kus and Mansfeld [9] evaluated the EFM technique for several corrosion systems including active and passive systems and found that EFM measurements can be applied successfully only for a limited number of corrosion systems with fairly high corrosion rates and the technique should be used only with great caution for corrosion monitoring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Virtually no attention has been given to the intermodulation or electrochemical frequency modulation; however, EFM has shown that this non-linear response contains enough information about the corroding system so that the corrosion current can be calculated directly. The theoretical background of the technique is presented elsewhere [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of electrochemical frequency modulation as a new technique for monitoring corrosion and corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in perchloric acid using hydrazine carbodithioic acid derivatives

Khaled

2008

J Appl Electrochem

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Electrochemical frequency modulation, EFM is a new technique for corrosion rate measurements. With the EFM technique, the corrosion rate and corrosion kinetic parameters can be obtained instantaneously without prior knowledge of Tafel slopes, which makes this method an ideal technique for application as a corrosion monitoring tool. Results obtained with the EFM technique were shown to be in agreement with chemical (weight loss) and electrochemical methods (Tafel extrapolation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS) for corrosion rate measurements. New synthesized hydrazine carbodithioic acid derivatives namely, N 0 -furan-2-yl-methylene-hydrazine carbodithioic acid (A), N 0 -(4-dimethylamino-benzylidene)-hydrazine carbodithioic acid (B) and N 0 -(3-nitro-benzylidene)-hydrazine carbodithioic acid (C) were examined as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M perchloric acid solution. The results obtained from both chemical and electrochemical measurements show that these compounds suppressed both anodic and cathodic processes of carbon steel corrosion in 1 M HClO 4 by adsorption on the electrode surface. The adsorption mode follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The efficiency of the inhibitors increases in the order C [ B [ A.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of electrochemical frequency modulation as a new technique for monitoring corrosion and corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in perchloric acid using hydrazine carbodithioic acid derivatives

Khaled

2008

J Appl Electrochem

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“…AFM is a powerful technique to investigate the surface morphology at nano-to-micro-scale and has become a new choice to study the influence of the inhibitor on the generation and the progress of the corrosion at the metal/solution interface (39,40). Analysis of the images allowed quantification of surface roughness over an area scale of 8 μm.…”

Section: Surface Studies (Afm Characterization)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the inhibition of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution by expired Carvedilol drug

Fouda

Morsi

Mogy

2017

Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews

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An expired pharmaceutical product, Carvedilol, was studied as save drug to prevent carbon steel (CS) corrosion in acidic environments by using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing drug dose and decreased with increasing temperature, reaching a maximum value of 98.94% at 25°C and 1.6 × 10 −4 M. Polarization data showed that the drug is of a mixed type. The inhibition of CS corrosion by Carvedilol can be attributed to the adsorption ability of drug molecules onto the reactive sites of the metal surface. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm via physical adsorption. The surface morphologies of CS were examined by atomic force spectroscopy (AFM). The results obtained from different techniques are in good agreement.

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“…By the excitation of nonlinear responses and interactions, NLEIS potentially offers improved identification of physical steps via nonlinearity and extent of coupling, as well as timescale. The benefit of measuring nonlinear response has been demonstrated in a variety of fields including hydrodynamics [15][16][17] , corrosion [14,18] , nonlinear optics [19,20] , and electro analytical chemistry [21,22] . By combining this approach with well-defined materials and microstructures, it may become possible to identify the relevant mechanisms (or at least narrow the list of possibilities).…”

Section: B-1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Measurement and Modeling Techniques for Improved SOFC Cathodes

Adler¹,

Dunyushkina²,

Huff³

et al. 2006

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The goal of this project was to develop an improved understanding of factors governing performance and degradation of mixed-conducting SOFC cathodes. Two new diagnostic tools were developed to help achieve this goal: 1) microelectrode half-cells for improved isolation of cathode impedance on thin electrolytes, and 2) nonlinear electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (NLEIS), a variant of traditional impedance that allows workers to probe nonlinear rates as a function of frequency. After reporting on the development and efficacy of these tools, this document reports on the use of these and other tools to better understand performance and degradation of cathodes based on the mixed conductor La 1-x Sr x CoO 3-δ (LSC) on gadolinia or samaria-doped ceria (GDC or SDC). We describe the use of NLEIS to measure O 2 exchange on thin-film LSC electrodes, and show that O 2 exchange is most likely governed by dissociative adsorption. We also describe parametric studies of porous LSC electrodes using impedance and NLEIS. Our results suggest that O 2 exchange and ion transport co-limit performance under most relevant conditions, but it is O 2 exchange that is most sensitive to processing, and subject to the greatest degradation and sample-to-sample variation. We recommend further work that focuses on electrodes of well-defined or characterized geometry, and probes the details of surface structure, composition, and impurities. Parallel work on primarily electronic conductors (LSM) would also be of benefit to developers, and to improved understanding of surface vs. bulk diffusion.

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Instantaneous Corrosion Rate Measurement with Small-Amplitude Potential Intermodulation Techniques

Cited by 72 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluation of electrochemical frequency modulation as a new technique for monitoring corrosion and corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in perchloric acid using hydrazine carbodithioic acid derivatives

Evaluation of electrochemical frequency modulation as a new technique for monitoring corrosion and corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in perchloric acid using hydrazine carbodithioic acid derivatives

Studies on the inhibition of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution by expired Carvedilol drug

Advanced Measurement and Modeling Techniques for Improved SOFC Cathodes

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