Institutional and Strategic Barriers to Public—Private Partnership: An Analysis of Dutch Cases

Abstract

Benefits can take a variety of forms, for example financial/material (profits, working space, and increased transport capacity), or more intangibly (image and knowledge development). The costs of cooperation can be one-time only (preparation, adaptation of the internal organization), or recurring (organizational coordination , adaptation and tuning of substantive objectives). But what is important is the added value of synergy, i.e. being able to develop a product with characteristics that would not have been available without a PPP. Cooperation , however, implies an increase in the number of participants. Also, in partnerships, the actors are usually dependent upon each other. These two basic conditions create problems (see, for example, Emerson, 1962; Scharpf, 1978; Rogers and Whetten, 1992; Klijn and Teisman, 2000). Network Governance This problem of cooperation can be explored through the network perspective on governance, which assumes that policy is developed and implemented in networks of organizations (see, for example, Kickert et al., 1997; Klijn and Koppenjan, 2000). Policy networks can be defined as 'changing patterns of social relationships between interdependent actors which take shape around policy problems and/or clusters of resources and that are formed, maintained and changed by an ecology of games'. Networks emerge and continue to exist because actors are dependent on each other. Actors cannot achieve their objectives without resources which are possessed by other actors. Thus, networks are characterized by a limited substitutability of resources, which ensures that

Public–private joint ventures: mixing oil and water?

“…For instance, the joint venture Another important aspect of the challenges associated with mixing environments in PPJVs is the divergent approaches to managing risk in the public and private sectors. Klijn and Teisman (2003) argue that for conventional CPPPs the political risks of government are not easily reconciled with the market risks of business organizations.…”

A Three-Layers Theoretical Framework For Analyzing Public Private Partnerships: The Italian Case

“…In particular, studies operating with single country research designs have typically dealt with policy and regulation issues of PPPs (Spackman, 2002;Reeves, 2003;Deakin, 2002;Klijn and Teisman, 2003;Flinders, 2005;Koppenjan, 2005;Johnston and Gudergan, 2007), whereas comparative approaches are generally rare in this field of research (although for a few notable exceptions; see Greve and Hodge, 2007;McQuaid and Scherrer, 2010).…”

Exploring the Role of Public–Private Partnerships in Forest Protection

“…However, motives for supporting partnering processes may also be based in more profound values or ideologies and related critiques of top-down or bottom-up approaches [19]. Based on the extensive literature on public-private partnerships [20][21][22], it is also reasonable to assume that the capacity, in particular of the government to create the necessary conditions for the institutionalization of the partnering process, may affect the potential for turning the pilot project into a formal part of the Swedish forest policy. New governance arrangements such as partnerships still have to comply with the existing procedures in which they are embedded [22].…”

“…Based on the extensive literature on public-private partnerships [20][21][22], it is also reasonable to assume that the capacity, in particular of the government to create the necessary conditions for the institutionalization of the partnering process, may affect the potential for turning the pilot project into a formal part of the Swedish forest policy. New governance arrangements such as partnerships still have to comply with the existing procedures in which they are embedded [22]. For governments, partnering is appealing if the incorporation of private parties from the market and civil society strengthens the realization of their objectives.…”