Institutional approaches for carbon financing in the forest sector: learning lessons for REDD+ from forest carbon projects in Uganda

Peskett, Leo; Schreckenberg, K.; Brown, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2010.10.004

Cited by 91 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…by providing tree seedlings, but leave out the poorest, i.e. those without land to plant them on (Peskett et al, 2011b). The end result of such projects is to increase inequity even as poverty decreases overall.…”

Section: Equity and Povertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining equity: A multidimensional framework for assessing equity in payments for ecosystem services

McDermott

Mahanty

Schreckenberg

2013

Environmental Science & Policy

Self Cite

482

459

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Concern over social equity dominates current debates about payments for ecosystem services and reduced deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). Yet, despite the apprehension that these initiatives may undermine equity, the term is generally left undefined. This paper presents a systematic framework for the analysis of equity that can be used to examine how local equity is affected as the global value of ecosystem services changes. Our framework identifies three dimensions that form the content (the what) of equity. The first, distributive equity, addresses the distribution of benefits and costs. The second, procedural equity, refers to decision-making. These are linked by the third dimension, contextual equity, which incorporates the pre-existing conditions that limit or facilitate people's access to decision-making procedures, resources and, thereby, benefits.The framework then asks how these dimensions are shaped by the scale and target group of concern (who), the framing of goals with respect to equity (why), and, crucially, how the decisions about the content, target and aims of equity are taken. By spurring debate around the fundamental ethical values at stake, this framework can guide analysts, policymakers and planners towards more open and inclusive processes for defining equity, along with affirmative efforts to engage marginalised people.

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Section: Equity and Povertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining equity: A multidimensional framework for assessing equity in payments for ecosystem services

McDermott

Mahanty

Schreckenberg

2013

Environmental Science & Policy

Self Cite

482

459

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For instance, during the workshops held in 2010, a type of dependency of state actors on international consulting agents and international organizations (especially related to norms setting, but also with regard to leadership in the debate) was clearly noticeable. This was also reported for REDD+ cases in Peru and carbon financing in the forest sector in Uganda (Hajek, Ventresca, Scriven, & Castro, 2011;Peskett, Schreckenberg, & Brown, 2011). This recurring situation illustrates the exact nature of the Conference of the Parties (COP) debates at the UNFCCC since the inception of REDD, which have not fully incorporated the viewpoints of developing countries during various deliberating sessions.…”

Section: Institutions: Redd+ Demonstration Activities Stakes and Lomentioning

confidence: 96%

Institutional dimensions of the developing REDD+ process in Cameroon

Ngendakumana¹,

Minang²,

Feudjio³

et al. 2014

Climate Policy

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The reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+ ) initiative has emerged in recent years as a mechanism to simultaneously address climate change, biodiversity, and poverty reduction challenges at the margins of tropical forests. Congo Basin countries, including Cameroon, have embraced the opportunities that REDD+ provides, with great expectations. Yet, it needs to be investigated whether the enabling institutional environment, which is required for implementing REDD+ , is present. Understanding is still limited on how to build adequate and strong institutional relations that could shape the reforms towards the establishment of efficient emissions reductions schemes. Furthermore, uncertainty remains on the operational mechanisms of REDD+ , suggesting that, to catalyse effectiveness, there is a need to come up with a governance model nested in relevant policy frameworks. This study builds on a modified '4Is' framework -Institutions, Interests, Ideas and Information -to analyse REDD+ and explore stakeholders' perceptions on the local forest governance potential. A structural implementation model to optimize the effectiveness of REDD+ is developed. Findings suggest that governments need to review existing policies to take into account participation, local people rights, and information access as a way to stimulate actors' willingness to contribute to emissions reductions and carbon stock increases under REDD+ regimes. Policy relevanceCurrently, there is no agreed framework for REDD+ in Cameroon, despite the potential role its humid forests could have to mitigate climate change at national and global levels. Furthermore, there are no initiatives that have fully mapped the boundary institutions to be engaged in REDD+ processes at the landscape level, although there is high commitment of various stakeholders to influence policies towards the implementation of the mechanism itself. For example, forestry companies, local communities, and conservation institutions would like to get involved. Findings indicate that there is potential for a cross-sectoral change and provide guidance as to how the uncertainties and risks, which may undermine the effective participation of stakeholders in the REDD+ processes at local and national levels, might be tackled. The schematic model and analytical frameworks suggested should prove very important to bridge various discourses among diverse actors. The end result is anticipated to be a governance structure for CO 2 emissions reductions through changes in land-use practices.

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“…It therefore acts as a stable boundary actor between the PCB and the community, communicating between the two and facilitating the project in a manner sensitive to local needs. This kind of connection between community and project strengthens the interplay between the project and other policy initiatives or external institutions [19,77]. The Mozambique project lacks an equivalent actor owing to the lack of existing physical infrastructure, creating challenges in fulfilling administrative requirements and complicating the running of the project.…”

Section: (B) Institutional Interactions and Their Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Mozambique project, high transaction costs and marginal financial gain in the face of numerous risks associated with taking action led to participants' reliance on the project because the PCB accepted risks by providing Plan Vivo payments up front. However, they cannot always account for unpredictable threats, such as high losses of trees during planting [77,79]. Participants do not have the capital to accept and manage risk themselves, and therefore lack the will to operate without the PCB [80].…”

Section: (B) Institutional Interactions and Their Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from community-based payment for ecosystem service schemes: from forests to rangelands

Dougill

Stringer

Leventon

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Climate finance investments and international policy are driving new community-based projects incorporating payments for ecosystem services (PES) to simultaneously store carbon and generate livelihood benefits. Most community-based PES (CB-PES) research focuses on forest areas. Rangelands, which store globally significant quantities of carbon and support many of the world's poor, have seen little CB-PES research attention, despite benefitting from several decades of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) projects. Lessons from CBNRM suggest institutional considerations are vital in underpinning the design and implementation of successful community projects. This study uses documentary analysis to explore the institutional characteristics of three African community-based forest projects that seek to deliver carbon-storage and povertyreduction benefits. Strong existing local institutions, clear land tenure, community control over land management decision-making and up-front, flexible payment schemes are found to be vital. Additionally, we undertake a global review of rangeland CBNRM literature and identify that alongside the lessons learned from forest projects, rangeland CB-PES project design requires specific consideration of project boundaries, benefit distribution, capacity building for community monitoring of carbon storage together with awareness-raising using decision-support tools to display the benefits of carbon-friendly land management. We highlight that institutional analyses must be undertaken alongside improved scientific studies of the carbon cycle to enable links to payment schemes, and for them to contribute to poverty alleviation in rangelands.

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Institutional approaches for carbon financing in the forest sector: learning lessons for REDD+ from forest carbon projects in Uganda

Cited by 91 publications

References 31 publications

Examining equity: A multidimensional framework for assessing equity in payments for ecosystem services

Examining equity: A multidimensional framework for assessing equity in payments for ecosystem services

Institutional dimensions of the developing REDD+ process in Cameroon

Lessons from community-based payment for ecosystem service schemes: from forests to rangelands

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