Institutional Environments for Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Emerging Economies in Eastern Europe

Abstract

In this article, we sought to empirically validate an instrument for measuring country institutional profiles for the promotion of entrepreneurship in a sample of 254 business students from three emerging economies: Bulgaria, Hungary, and Latvia. Results from the confirmatory factor analysis suggest high reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of the instrument. Further, we find important differences in the three dimensions (regulatory, cognitive, and normative) of the institutional profiles across the three emerging economies, reflecting their idiosyncratic cultural norms and values, traditions, and institutional heritage in promoting entrepreneurship. Implications for future research, managerial practice, and public policy are discussed.

Condições Estruturais Empreendedorasna Criação De Novos Negócios: A Visão De Especialistas

“…Entre as áreas de estudo no domínio do empreendedorismo que tem suscitado maior interesse, destaca-se a identificação e análise dos determinantes que estão na base da criação de um novo negócio. No entender de Alvarez, Urbano,e Amoros (2014), existem quatro perspetivas que devem ser tidas em linha de conta, a saber: 1) Perspetiva psicológica, que evidencia a importância das motivações individuais, expetativas, traços de personalidade e fatores cognitivos que influenciam a atividade empreendedora; 2) Perspetiva econômica, que evidencia aspetos relacionados com a racionalidade econômica na opção pelo empreendedorismo Stel, Storey, & Thurik, 2005;Wong, Ho, & Autio, 2005); 3) Perspetiva organizacional e de recursos, que evidencia a importância dos recursos e capacidades de uma nova empresa como determinantes do processo empreendedor (Greene & Brown, 1997;Ucbasaran, Westhead, & Wright, 2008);4) Perspetiva sociológica e institucional, que realça a importância do ambiente sociocultural como um relevante fator na criação de um negócio (Manolova, Eunni, & Gyoshev, 2008;Steyaert & Katz, 2004). Dada a multiplicidade de fatores explicativos do fenómeno do empreendedorismo, este artigo privilegia uma visão sociológica e institucional, em particular centra-se nos fatores de natureza institucional que contribuem para a proliferação de oportunidades que estão na gênese da criação de novos negócios.…”

Trade Liberalisation and Economic Growth in Macedonia

“…Academics in this area of research have attributed the low growth rate of SEE transition economies to a number of issues. Some academics have mentioned weak institutions as an important factor that has influenced transitional growth (Efendic and Pugh 2015;Manolova, Eunni and Gyoshev 2008). Despite these economies being open and growing, academics have pointed out that investment is relatively low compared to the rest of the CEE transition economies (Bevan and Estrin 2004).…”

Conceptions of Tourism Lifestyle Entrepreneurship: Transition Economy Context

“…However, former socialist countries had significant entry barriers within all sectors and tourism was not an exemption. The barriers range from financial (Ageev et al, 1995), institutional (Manolova et al, 2008), and fiscal (Kolodko, 2000), which significantly lowered the level of entrepreneurship (Ayyagari et al, 2007;Chilosi, 2001). Morrison (2006) proposed that organisational context should be analysed relative to the organisational structure, organisational behaviour, and resources.…”