Institutional reasons for the effect of environmental regulations: Passenger car CO 2 emissions in the European Union, United States and Japan

Mikler, John

doi:10.1080/13600820500242746

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…10 This is based on comparing fuel consumption and distance traveled versus tax and price changes. A more extended analysis is provided in Mikler (2005), based on data from the OECD (2002a). 11 Since 1983, car firms have paid more than US$590m in penalties, suggesting that they in turn are less willing participants in regulatory outcomes than is the case in the EU and Japan, considered below.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sharing sovereignty for global regulation: The cases of fuel economy and online gambling

Mikler¹

2008

Regulation & Governance

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Globalization is sometimes taken as a synonym for market liberalization, because it is claimed that power has flowed from states to markets. Whether happening as a result of undeniable ''forces'' or some hegemonic consensus, many on both the left and right of politics agree that this is a reality. However, this article argues that states which share sovereignty with market actors are able to influence outcomes beyond their borders. The cases of fuel economy and online gambling regulations are used to illustrate the point. In the former case, Japanese and European industry-driven regulations are being ''exported'' in the attributes of the products of their car industries. In the latter, UK market-friendly regulations are likely to be ''exported'' to the European region and beyond because of industry support, and market liberalization principles embodied in European Union institutions. Both cases indicate that sharing sovereignty in the process of making and implementing national regulations produces opportunities for global regulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 10 This is based on comparing fuel consumption and distance traveled versus tax and price changes. A more extended analysis is provided in Mikler (2005), based on data from the OECD (2002a). …”

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confidence: 99%

Sharing sovereignty for global regulation: The cases of fuel economy and online gambling

Mikler¹

2008

Regulation & Governance

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“…Other studies have examined environmental regulations in the European and global car industry (e.g., Mikler, 2005Mikler, , 2009Levy & Rothenberg, 2002;Paterson, 2007;ten Brink, 2010). Paterson (2007) focuses primarily on the U.S. and global car industries, not on EU policies.…”

Section: Explanatory Perspectives and Propositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EU Legislation to Reduce Carbon Emissions from Cars: Intergovernmental or Supranational Policy Making?

Gulbrandsen

Christensen

2014

Review of Policy Research

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This article examines the making and implementation of the 2009 European Union (EU) regulation on cars and CO2 emissions (Regulation [EC] No 443/2009). As the first legally binding measure to target the CO2 emissions of passenger cars, this regulation represents a milestone in EU efforts to reduce the climate impacts of road transport. The analysis draws on two central theoretical perspectives on EU policy making: liberal intergovernmentalism and supranationalism. Both offer important insights, but their explanatory power varies with the policy-making phase in focus. The analysis shows that the Commission and the car industry were instrumental in shaping what eventually became an industry-friendly regulation applicable in all EU countries. However, far from being a case of closed negotiations between the industry and the Commission, Germany and other EU countries defending the interest of manufacturers of high-emission vehicles made use of their powers during the decision-making phase and succeeded in watering down the Commission's proposal.

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“…Emissions standards force automotive manufacturers to comply with certain environmental performance measures, but at the same time, they often leave the options open on how to reach the required outcomes using different technological solutions (Lee et al, 2011). As one of the most regulated industries, emission standards came in the form of technology-forcing regulations and resulted in significant technological advancements to reduce emissions from motor vehicles during the past few decades (Bauner et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2011Lee et al, , 2010Mikler, 2009;Boulton et al, 1992;Touchton, 1981). Nevertheless, these advancements still rely on the interactions among a large number of public and private actors at different levels of influence who engage in processes of regulatory provisioning with varying degrees of political impact (Meadowcroft, 2011;Ng, 2006).…”

Section: Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extended workshop with participants from 11 organizations discussing different scenarios for electric bus implementation Buhr, 2012;Delmas and Toffel, 2004;Heritier, 2003;Hey et al, 2007;Kuhlmann and Edler, 2003) ii See for example: Delmas, 2002;Gerard and Lave, 2005;Gordon, 1986;Kagan, 2000;Ng, 2006;Nivola, 1986;Riddlesperger, 1988;Touchton, 1981;Vogel, 1986) iii See for example: Kagan, 2000;Naturv rdsverket, 2005;Mikler, 2009Mikler, , 2005Pohl and Yarime, 2012;Boulton et al, 1992;Massini et al, 2002) …”

Section: May 2018mentioning

confidence: 99%

Incumbent Actors in Sectoral Transformations Towards Sustainability: A sociotechnical study of the European heavy commercial vehicles sector

Borghei¹

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Institutional reasons for the effect of environmental regulations: Passenger car CO 2 emissions in the European Union, United States and Japan

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Sharing sovereignty for global regulation: The cases of fuel economy and online gambling

Sharing sovereignty for global regulation: The cases of fuel economy and online gambling

EU Legislation to Reduce Carbon Emissions from Cars: Intergovernmental or Supranational Policy Making?

Incumbent Actors in Sectoral Transformations Towards Sustainability: A sociotechnical study of the European heavy commercial vehicles sector

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