Institutions, Trade Policy and Trade Flows

Jansen, Marion; Nordås, Hildegunn Kyvik

doi:10.2139/ssrn.923544

Cited by 58 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Anderson and Marcouiller (2002) showed that better institutional quality leads to larger trade volumes. A similar positive influence of domestic institutions on bilateral trade flows was found by Jansen and Nordås (2004). Absence of good governance, especially a weak regulatory framework, can be an obstacle to trade (Méon & Sekkat, 2008).…”

Section: Institutional Quality As a Determinant Of Exportssupporting

confidence: 57%

Do Labour Rights Matter for Export? A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Pineapple Trade to the EU

Gansemans

Martens

D’Haese

et al. 2017

PaG

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Labour norms are increasingly considered in trade relations, but is the protection of labour standards a necessary condition for export to the EU? A Qualitative Comparative Analysis, based on countries that export pineapples to the EU, shows that labour standards protection matters in combination with distance, zero tariffs and institutional quality in a number of cases. However, for none of the cases was it a sufficient condition on its own for determining exports to the European market. Rather, we show that (1) having a zero tariff is necessary for a relatively large share of export to the EU, and (2) labour standards protection can make a difference when the institutional quality is weak in some African cases, in contrast to Latin American exporters.

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Section: Institutional Quality As a Determinant Of Exportssupporting

confidence: 57%

Do Labour Rights Matter for Export? A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Pineapple Trade to the EU

Gansemans

Martens

D’Haese

et al. 2017

PaG

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“…151 Njinkeu et al (2008) 0.167 Wilson et al (2004) 0.202 Martinez-Zarzoso, Nowak-Lehmann (2003) 0.211 Fujimura, Edmonds (2006) 0.389 Ninkovic (2009) 0.442 De (2007) 0.445 UN Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) (2013) 0.518 Vijil, Wagner (2012) 0.925 Portugal-Perez, Wilson (2012) 1.014 Marquez-Ramos, Martinez-Zarzoso (2005) 1.047 Iwanow, Kirkpatrick (2007) 1. 969 Bouet et al (2008) 2.013 Elbadawi et al (2006) 7.348 Granato (2008) 7.727 Raballand (2003) 0.000 Grigoriou (2007) 0.006 Bandyopadhyay (1999) 0.012 Carrere (2006) 0.012 Jansen, Nordås (2004) 0.014 Brun et al (2005) 0.016 Martinez-Zarzoso, Nowak-Lehmann (2003) 0.02 Wilson et al (2004) 0.026 Nordas, Piermartini (2004) 0.067 Kurmanalieva, Parpiev (2008) 0.116 Persson (2007) 0.118 De (2007) 0. 147 Njinkeu et al (2008) 0.149 Iwanow, Kirkpatrick (2009) 0.461 Fujimura, Edmonds (2006) 0.541 Marquez-Ramos, Martinez-Zarzoso (2005) 0.541 Lawless (2010) 0.672…”

Section: Model Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrastructure and Trade: A Meta-Analysis

Celbiş

Nijkamp²,

Poot

2015

REGION

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Abstract. Low levels of infrastructure quality and quantity can create trade impediments through increased transport costs. Since the late 1990s, an increasing number of trade studies have taken infrastructure into account. The purpose of the present paper is to quantify the importance of infrastructure for trade by means of meta-analysis and meta-regression techniques that synthesize various studies. The type of infrastructure that we focus on is mainly public infrastructure in transportation and communication.We examine the impact of infrastructure on trade by means of estimates obtained from 36 primary studies that yielded 542 infrastructure elasticities of trade. We explicitly take into account that infrastructure can be measured in various ways and that its impact depends on the location of the infrastructure. We estimate several meta-regression models that control for observed heterogeneity in terms of variation across different methodologies, infrastructure types, geographical areas and their economic features, model specifications, and publication characteristics. Additionally, random effects account for between-study unspecified heterogeneity, while publication bias is explicitly addressed by means of the Hedges model. After controlling for these issues, we find that a 1 percent increase in own infrastructure increases exports by about 0.6 percent and imports by about 0.3 percent. Such elasticities are generally larger for developing countries, land infrastructure, IV or panel data estimation, and macro-level analyses. They also depend on the inclusion or exclusion of various common covariates in trade regressions.JEL classification: F10, H54, R53, C10, F1, R4

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“…Moreover, the study also found that the supply response to a reduction in tariffs is larger the higher the penetration rate of telecommunications (Box IIB.6 and Jansen and Nordås, 2004). However, anecdotal evidence suggests that new technology can sometimes also create barriers between those connected and those not connected in low-income countries.…”

Section: B Infrastructure In Trade and Economic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Foreword by the director-general

2012

WTO Public Forum 2011

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FOREWORDThe World Trade Report 2004 is the second annual publication in the WTO Secretariat's new series. As I indicated last year, the World Trade Report seeks to deepen public understanding of current trade policy issues and to contribute to more informed consideration of the options facing governments. Like last year, the Report begins with a review of recent world trade developments. This is followed by three shorter essays -on trade preferences, the temporary movement of natural persons, and geographical indications. The main topic of the Report this year is coherence.As far as trade developments are concerned, 2003 was not as bleak a year as many had feared. Trade grew in real terms by 4.5 per cent, a rate still somewhat below the average for the 1990s but above what many forecasters had anticipated. These results were largely a reflection of a pick-up in economic activity in the second half of the year. Prospects for 2004 look much better than the results for 2003.The Fifth WTO Ministerial Meeting at Cancún was a disappointment to many and did little to bolster business confidence. I fully share what I believe is the widely-held aspiration that signs of renewed commitment to moving the Doha Development Agenda forward will lead to concrete results in the near future. A failure by governments to deliver on the promise of Doha would be a blow to the trading system and would do nothing to support, let alone improve upon, near-term expectations regarding the performance of the world economy. I strongly urge governments to transform intimations of a willingness to move forward into concrete outcomes.Turning to the three shorter essays in WTR 2004, the work on preferences comes at a crucial time. Fears about the erosion of preferences among beneficiary countries have emerged on the negotiating agenda more forcefully and explicitly than ever before. But just as beneficiary governments are concerned to maintain their margins of preference, others would wish to ensure that MFN trade liberalization is not arrested. This essay evaluates preferences in terms of their role in supporting the trade interests of beneficiary countries. A mixed picture emerges.While preferences have been used to good effect by some countries at particular points in time, the benefits have been attenuated by a number of factors. These include the continuing reduction of preferential margins and complexities associated with preference schemes that reduce their attractiveness. Utilization levels of preferences have been low in many instances. An additional concern is that preferences may draw resources into activities that cannot survive under normal conditions of competition. Where this occurs, countries may be unwisely investing in future adjustment challenges. The essay concludes that preferences cannot last forever, and that while beneficiaries may be well advised to make what constructive use of them they can in the short-term, a longer-term perspective needs to contemplate a world without preferences.The second essay addresses another is...

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Institutions, Trade Policy and Trade Flows

Cited by 58 publications

References 31 publications

Do Labour Rights Matter for Export? A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Pineapple Trade to the EU

Do Labour Rights Matter for Export? A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Pineapple Trade to the EU

Infrastructure and Trade: A Meta-Analysis

Foreword by the director-general

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