Instrument development and application in studies and monitoring of ambient ammonia

Erisman, Jan Willem

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(00)00544-6

Cited by 185 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Total ammonium was measured continuously on-line using the steam sampler and the detector of Slanina et al (2001). Comparisons of steam sampler measurements against denuder-filter pack measurements did not reveal an ammonium artifact, consistent with the findings of Slanina et al (2001), Erisman et al (2001), andZhang et al (2002).…”

Section: Article In Presssupporting

confidence: 73%

Pittsburgh air quality study overview

Wittig

Anderson

Khlystov

et al. 2004

Atmospheric Environment

113

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Ambient sampling for the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study (PAQS) was conducted from July 2001 to September 2002. The study was designed (1) to characterize particulate matter (PM) by examination of size, surface area, and volume distribution, chemical composition as a function of size and on a single particle basis, morphology, and temporal and spatial variability in the Pittsburgh region; (2) to quantify the impact of the various sources (transportation, power plants, biogenic sources, etc.) on the aerosol concentrations in the area; and (3) to develop and evaluate the next generation of atmospheric aerosol monitoring and modeling techniques. The PAQS objectives, study design, site descriptions and routine and intensive measurements are presented. Special study days are highlighted, including those associated with elevated concentrations of daily average PM 2.5 mass. Monthly average and diurnal patterns in aerosol number concentration, and aerosol nitrate, sulfate, elemental carbon, and organic carbon concentrations, light scattering as well as gas-phase ozone, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide are discussed with emphasis on the processes affecting them. Preliminary findings reveal day-to-day variability in aerosol mass and composition, but consistencies in seasonal average diurnal profiles and concentrations. For example, the seasonal average variations in the diurnal PM 2.5 mass were predominately driven by the sulfate component. r

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Section: Article In Presssupporting

confidence: 73%

Pittsburgh air quality study overview

Wittig

Anderson

Khlystov

et al. 2004

Atmospheric Environment

113

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“…For applications requiring higher time resolution and on-line measurement, a series of wet chemical analyzers have been developed led by the Netherlands since the 1990s [17,18,19]. The most important advantages of these instruments are practically artefact-free gas handling, and the possibility of reliable and accurate calibration using liquid ammonium-solutions.…”

Section: Non-spectroscopic Analyzersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metrology for ammonia in ambient air – concept and first results of the EMRP project MetNH3

Pogány¹,

Balslev-Harder²,

Braban³

et al. 2015

17th International Congress of Metrology

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“…Furthermore, NH 3 was measured additionally by a wet chemical AiRRmonia instrument (Erisman et al, 2001;Spirig et al, 2010; (Table 1). Time series of NH 3 measured by the AiRRmonia system, gap-filled HNO 3 , HONO, NH + 4 , NO − 3 data of the GRAEGOR, and NO, NO 2 data of the TEI are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Field Test With Ambient N R Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Marx¹,

Brümmer

Ammann

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The input and loss of plant available nitrogen (reactive nitrogen: N r ) from/to the atmosphere can be an important factor for the productivity of ecosystems and thus for its carbon and greenhouse gas exchange. We present a novel converter for reactive nitrogen (TRANC: Total Reactive Atmospheric Nitrogen Converter), which offers the opportunity to quantify the sum of all airborne reactive nitrogen compounds ( N r ) in high time resolution. The basic concept of the TRANC is the full conversion of all N r to nitrogen monoxide (NO) within two reaction steps. Initially, reduced N r compounds are being oxidised, and oxidised N r compounds are thermally converted to lower oxidation states. Particulate N r is being sublimated and oxidised or reduced afterwards. In a second step, remaining higher nitrogen oxides or those generated in the first step are catalytically converted to NO with carbon monoxide used as reduction gas. The converter is combined with a fast response chemiluminescence detector (CLD) for NO analysis and its performance was tested for the most relevant gaseous and particulate N r species under both laboratory and field conditions. Recovery rates during laboratory tests for NH 3 and NO 2 were found to be 95 and 99 %, respectively, and 97 % when the two gases were combined. In-field longterm stability over an 11-month period was approved by a value of 91 % for NO 2 . Effective conversion was also found for ammonium and nitrate containing particles. The recovery rate of total ambient N r was tested against the sum of individual measurements of NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, NH + 4 , NO − 3 , and NO x using a combination of different well-established devices. The results show that the TRANC-CLD system precisely captures fluctuations in N r concentrations and also matches the sum of all individual N r compounds measured by the different single techniques. The TRANC features a specific design with very short distance between the sample air inlet and the place where the thermal and catalytic conversions to NO occur. This assures a short residence time of the sample air inside the instrument, and minimises wall sorption problems of water soluble compounds. The fast response time (e-folding times of 0.30 to 0.35 s were found during concentration step changes) and high accuracy in capturing the dominant N r species enables the converter to be used in an eddy covariance setup. Although a source attribution of specific N r compounds is not possible, the TRANC is a new reliable tool for permanent measurements of the net N r flux between ecosystem and atmosphere at a relatively low maintenance and reasonable cost level allowing for diurnal, seasonal and annual investigations.

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Instrument development and application in studies and monitoring of ambient ammonia

Cited by 185 publications

References 23 publications

Pittsburgh air quality study overview

Pittsburgh air quality study overview

Metrology for ammonia in ambient air – concept and first results of the EMRP project MetNH3

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

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