Insulation coordination associated with distributed generation connected at distribution level

Insulation Coordination System 150kV Substation and Transmission Line against Lightning Surge Interference in a Nickel Smelting Plant

“…This value comes from the voltmeter reading on the ATP draw modeling which is installed near the insulator of each phase. From the graph in figure 10, it is obtained: near tower 1 phase A :319 kV, phase B=308 kV and phase C 287 kV Figure 9 shows the increase in voltage on the phase A tower arm of 833 kV due to lightning strike 100 kA on the GSW without any additional protection on the tower, and the voltage value on the phase A will cause a back flashover [19], [20]. The voltage value measured on the phase A exceeds the BIL of the 9 insulator pieces is BIL 730 kV that installed on the transmission tower so that it can cause short circuit disturbances in the electrical system.…”

“…The voltage value measured on the phase A exceeds the BIL of the 9 insulator pieces is BIL 730 kV that installed on the transmission tower so that it can cause short circuit disturbances in the electrical system. Meanwhile, figure 12 shows the voltage drop on tower 1 is 85% with value 129 kV phase A by installing TLA on tower 1 and substation, so that it does not cause back flashover in the electrical system [19], [20].…”

Modeling of flashover arcs in medium voltage networks due to direct lightning strikes

“…The flashover phenomenon is represented by the closing of parallel switch when the voltage building up across line insulation exceeds the flashover voltage (U f ) of the insulator. During the simulation, the flashover voltage is calculated using the simplified volt-time model given in [27][28][29][30][31].…”

Classification of lightning stroke on transmission line using multi-resolution analysis and machine learning

“…As stated previously, in order to analyze and study transmission lines protection relays performance against atmospheric discharges, different parts not only of TLs but also of lightning strokes have to be included in an adequate model, which has been proposed and recommended by some modeling guidelines [59][60][61][62]. In this section, the description of different elements employed in this work is presented as follows.…”