Insulator-to-metal transition of lithium–sulfur battery

Abstract

Li2S is a promising battery material due to the high theoretical capacity and high energy density.

New Amorphous Oxy-Sulfide Solid Electrolyte Material: Anion Exchange, Electrochemical Properties, and Lithium Dendrite Suppression via In Situ Interfacial Modification

“…37 The GSSE reacts with Li to form a mixed conducting interphase (MCI), consisting of Li 2 S, Li 3 P, and the products of the Si units and Li reaction. Based on the large band gap of Li 2 S at 3−4 eV and Li 3 P at 0.7 eV, 53,54 the electronic conductivities are low for those components. However, electrons and Li ions react with elemental Si and form Li x Si, which exhibits metallic behavior 54 and allows electrons to transport to the surface of the GSSE.…”

Lithium Thiosilicophosphate Glassy Solid Electrolytes Synthesized by High-Energy Ball-Milling and Melt-Quenching: Improved Suppression of Lithium Dendrite Growth by Si Doping

“…In summary, the types of SEIs formed between lithium and LTSP GSEs during cycling can be divided into four types as shown in Figure . In the first case (Figure A), LTP reacts with Li to form a nonreactive protective SEI consisting of Li 2 S and Li 3 P. Based on the large band gap of Li 2 S at 3–4 eV and Li 3 P at 0.7 eV, , the electronic conductivity is low enough to limit the growth of the SEI. During galvanostatic cycling, electrons will transport though the external circuit, while lithium ions will migrate via the LTSP GSE.…”

Prediction of New Phase and Electrochemical Properties of Li2S2 for the Application of Li-S Batteries

“…The development of safe, light, high energy density, environmentally friendly, and less expensive batteries has been pursued greatly for future energy storage devices such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, etc. − In comparison to Li ion batteries, Li-S compounds are promising batteries because of their high energy density, theoretical specific capacity (2600 Wh kg 1– ), nonpolluting nature, low cost, etc. − Nevertheless, the commercial applications of Li-S batteries are plagued by the shuttle effect and volumetric expansion of discharge products, especially for the insulating nature of deposits. , During the process of charge and discharge, the electrochemical reaction of Li-S batteries is described by 16Li + + S 8 + 16e – → 8Li 2 S. Numerous experiments show that intermediate products such as Li 2 S 8 , Li 2 S 4 , Li 2 S 2 , and Li 2 S can be formed. , Those intermediate products play a pivotal role in the charge and discharge processes: that is to say, the theoretical specific capacity of Li-S batteries is markedly influenced by these discharge products.…”