Insulin and counterregulatory hormones influence acute-phase protein production in human hepatocytes

O’Riordain, Michael; Ross, James A.; Fearon, K. C. H.; Maingay, Jean P.; Farouk, Marwan; Garden, O. James; Carter, D. C.

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.2.e323

Cited by 57 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…In the perfused rat liver in vitro, glucagon increased fibrinogen secretion (25). In cultured human hepatocytes, glucagon increased the synthesis of some acute-phase proteins (26), although the effect on fibrinogen was not reported. In vivo infusion of glucagon for 24 h to double fasting values in normal volunteers increased fibrinogen concentration by -30% (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evidence for Acute Stimulation of Fibrinogen Production by Glucagon in Humans

et al. 1997

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Fibrinogen, an acute-phase protein, and glucagon, a stress hormone, are often elevated in many conditions of physical and metabolic stress, including uncontrolled diabetes. However, the possible mechanisms for this association are poorly known. We have studied the acute effects of selective hyperglucagonemia (raised from -200 to -350 pg/ml for 3 h) on fibrinogen fractional secretion rate (FSR) in eight normal subjects during infusion of somatostatin and replacement doses of insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone. Fibrinogen FSR was evaluated by precursor-product relationships using either Phe (n = 8) or Leu (« = 2) tracers. Hyperglucagonemia did not change either plasma Phe or Tyr specific activity. After hyperglucagonemia, fibrinogen FSR increased by -65% (from 12.9 ± 3.6 to 21.5 ± 6.1% per day, P < 0.025) using plasma Phe specific activity as the precursor pool. FSR increased by -80% (from 16.6 ± 4.8 to 29.4 ± 8.8% per day, P < 0.025) if plasma Phe specific activity was corrected for the ketoisocaproate/Leu enrichment (or specific activity) ratio to obtain an approximate estimate of intrahepatic Phe specific activity. FSR increased by -60% when using plasma Tyr specific activity as precursor pool (n = 8) (P < 0.05), as well as when using the Leu tracer precursorproduct relationship (n = 2). In conclusion, selective hyperglucagonemia for -3 h acutely stimulated fibrinogen FSR using a Phe tracer method. Thus, glucagon may be involved in the increase of fibrinogen concentration and FSR observed under stressed or pathologic conditions. Diabetes 46:1368-1371, 1997 F ibrinogen is an acute-phase protein (1) that is increased in uncontrolled diabetes, vascular disease, and smoking and in many conditions of physical and metabolic stress (2-6). Its plasma concentration has been recognized as a strong and independent cardiovascular risk factor (7). Nevertheless, the mechanisms and the factors that regulate fibrinogen synthesis in vivo are poorly understood. In humans, fibrinogen fractional secretion rate (FSR) was increased by acute insulin deficiency in IDDM (8), while it was decreased by short-term insulin infusion in both normal subjects and subjects with IDDM (8,9). Received for publication 10 December 1996 and accepted in revised form 12 May 1997.FSR, fractional secretion rate; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; KIC, a-ketoisocaproate; MPE, mole percent enrichment.Besides these scarce data, however, the role of other hormonal or metabolic factors in regulating fibrinogen FSR in vivo is largely unknown. In many conditions in which fibrinogen concentration is elevated, including uncontrolled diabetes (10), the concentration of glucagon is also increased. Since glucagon is a stress hormone (11), it might be involved in the synthesis of acute-phase reactants. Thus, it is interesting to investigate whether there is a causal association between increments of glucagon concentrations and fibrinogen FSR in vivo.The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate whether an isolated and acute increase of glucagon concen...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evidence for Acute Stimulation of Fibrinogen Production by Glucagon in Humans

et al. 1997

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“…25 Inflammation may result from recurrent postprandial hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance that may occur with long-term high dietary glycemic load. 26 Therefore, foods with higher glycemic index, including sugars, may be related to elevated fibrinogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Factors Related to Higher Plasma Fibrinogen Levels of Japanese-Americans in Hawaii Compared With Japanese in Japan

Miura

Nakagawa

Ueshima

et al. 2006

ATVB

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Objective-We investigated whether dietary factors explain higher plasma fibrinogen levels in Japanese emigrants living a Western lifestyle in Hawaii compared with Japanese in Japan. Methods and Results-Plasma fibrinogen and nutrient intakes were examined by standardized methods in men and women 40 to 59 years of age from a Japanese-American sample in Hawaii (100 men and 106 women) and 4 population samples in Japan (569 men and 567 women). Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between dietary factors and the plasma fibrinogen difference between Hawaii and Japan. Average plasma fibrinogen was significantly higher in Hawaii compared with Japan (PϽ0.001 in both genders). In multiple linear regression analyses with each dietary variable considered separately, body mass index reduced the plasma fibrinogen difference between Hawaii and Japan by 20.4%; iron intake (mg/1000 kcal) and estimated total sugar intake (%kcal) reduced this difference by 30.0% and 14.4%, respectively. In a model that included body mass index, iron, estimated total sugars, and caffeine (also age and gender), this difference was reduced by 61.3% (from 42.2 to 16.3 mg/dL). Conclusions-Higher intake of iron, sugar, and caffeine, in addition to obesity, account largely for higher fibrinogen levels Key Words: fibrinogen Ⅲ nutrition Ⅲ iron Ⅲ sugar Ⅲ caffeine Ⅲ obesity Ⅲ population study J apanese living in Japan have lower rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) than people in the United States and other Western countries, 1,2 including Japanese-Americans living in Hawaii. 3,4 In recent decades, these trends appear to have continued despite higher smoking rates, higher blood pressure levels, and increasing serum cholesterol levels in Japan with a more Westernized lifestyle. 1,5 Investigation of factors possibly affecting the CHD risk difference among genetically similar Japanese populations living in Japan and Hawaii is of interest in understanding these differences.Elevated plasma fibrinogen level has been identified as a risk factor for CHD and stroke in both Western and Japanese populations. 6 -8 A previous study found plasma fibrinogen levels among 75-to 93-year-old Japanese men living in Japan to be significantly lower than those among Japanese of similar age living in Hawaii. 9 Factors contributing to this difference remain unclear; few data are available on the role of dietary factors.Here we report standardized comparisons of plasma fibrinogen and dietary factors between Japanese living in Japan and Japanese-Americans living a primarily Western lifestyle in Hawaii, from the INTERLIPID study, an ancillary investigation of the INTERMAP study on diet and blood pressure. We assessed whether dietary factors account for the difference in fibrinogen levels. MethodsINTERMAP is an international cooperative study on relationships between multiple dietary factors and blood pressure among 4680 participants 40 to 59 years of age from 17 diverse population samples in China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. INT...

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“…Some evidence suggests a possible role of insulin in stimulating acute-phase proteins (O'Riordain et al, 1995;Thompson et al, 1991) which have been directly related to intra-abdominal fat and inversely related to insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Sites et al, 2002). HDL is considered a negative acute-phase protein (Malle et al, 1993) and has been found to be negatively associated to C-reactive protein (CRP) and acute and Glycemic index in chronic disease LS Augustin et al chronic inflammatory states (Bausserman et al, 1988;Rossner, 1978;Hardardottir et al, 1994).…”

Section: The Glycemic Index In Coronary Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

et al. 2002

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Aim: The intent of this review is to critically analyze the scientific evidence on the role of the glycemic index in chronic Western disease and to discuss the utility of the glycemic index in the prevention and management of these disease states. Background: The glycemic index ranks foods based on their postprandial blood glucose response. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as their determinants (eg high energy intake, obesity, lack of physical activity) have been implicated in the etiology of diabetes, coronary heart disease and cancer. Recently, among dietary factors, carbohydrates have attracted much attention as a significant culprit, however, different types of carbohydrate produce varying glycemic and insulinemic responses. Low glycemic index foods, characterized by slowly absorbed carbohydrates, have been shown in some studies to produce beneficial effects on glucose control, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, blood lipids and satiety. Method: Studies on the short and long-term metabolic effects of diets with different glycemic indices will be presented and discussed. The review will focus primarily on clinical and epidemiological data, and will briefly discuss in vitro and animal studies related to possible mechanisms by which the glycemic index may influence chronic disease.

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Insulin and counterregulatory hormones influence acute-phase protein production in human hepatocytes

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Evidence for Acute Stimulation of Fibrinogen Production by Glucagon in Humans

Evidence for Acute Stimulation of Fibrinogen Production by Glucagon in Humans

Dietary Factors Related to Higher Plasma Fibrinogen Levels of Japanese-Americans in Hawaii Compared With Japanese in Japan

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

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