2022
DOI: 10.3390/biology11060943
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Insulin and Its Key Role for Mitochondrial Function/Dysfunction and Quality Control: A Shared Link between Dysmetabolism and Neurodegeneration

Abstract: This review will comprise an overview of insulin and its history, structure, synthesis, secretion, signaling, and peripheral and brain roles. Further, the impact that metabolic diseases and the insulin resistance (IR) condition can exert on brain function will be surveyed. Later, attention will be given to the complex relation of mitochondrial dysfunction, brain insulin resistance, and neurodegenerative disease, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We will also focus our consideration on the role played by ins… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…The contact point of ER–mitochondria is referred to as mitochondria-associated ER membranes. Some studies have suggested that the integrity of mitochondria-associated ER membranes is required for insulin signaling (for a detailed description, see the revision [ 24 ]). Studies have been carried out to investigate the effect/defect of insulin signaling on different features of mitochondrial dysfunction, focusing on dynamics, biogenesis, and mitophagy and their role in pathologies in which metabolic dysmetabolism is comorbid with neurodegeneration [ 25 , 26 ].…”
Section: Mitochondria Functions and Dynamicsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The contact point of ER–mitochondria is referred to as mitochondria-associated ER membranes. Some studies have suggested that the integrity of mitochondria-associated ER membranes is required for insulin signaling (for a detailed description, see the revision [ 24 ]). Studies have been carried out to investigate the effect/defect of insulin signaling on different features of mitochondrial dysfunction, focusing on dynamics, biogenesis, and mitophagy and their role in pathologies in which metabolic dysmetabolism is comorbid with neurodegeneration [ 25 , 26 ].…”
Section: Mitochondria Functions and Dynamicsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All the cells consume energy for their homeostasis and specific activity, and they require the support of functional mitochondria that provide ATP obtained via oxidative phosphorylation. A reduction in mitochondria respiration and bioenergetics is associated with insulin resistance [ 24 ].…”
Section: Mitochondria Functions and Dynamicsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies have clearly demonstrated the important therapeutic effect played by insulin in the brain for the treatment of neurological diseases, including AD [ 1 , 9 , 136 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 ]. It has been demonstrated that insulin can reduce the toxicity induced by Abeta oligomers, in vitro, by the inhibition of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway [ 150 ].…”
Section: The Insulin Effect Against Admentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been demonstrated that insulin can reduce the toxicity induced by Abeta oligomers, in vitro, by the inhibition of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway [ 150 ]. Moreover, the activation of insulin signaling provides a neuroprotective mechanism to counteract oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and neurodegeneration triggered by Abeta oligomers in neuroblastoma cells [ 146 , 147 ].…”
Section: The Insulin Effect Against Admentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cell signaling molecules and transcription factors play a very important role in intracellular energy metabolism in the mitochondria. Brain disorders linked with diabetes are caused by abnormalities in mitochondrial functions [ 65 ]. IR is also caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuronal damage, decreased mETC (mitochondrial electron transport chain) activity and ATP synthesis, apoptosis, lipid peroxide accumulation, decreased glutathione peroxidase activity, ferroptosis, and An accumulation, all of which can lead to cognitive impairment [ 66 ].…”
Section: T2dm and Dementiamentioning
confidence: 99%