Insulin glargine treatment of a ferret with diabetes mellitus

Hess, Laurie

doi:10.2460/javma.241.11.1490

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The overall clinical presentation in most of these ferret cases is consistent with type-II diabetes mellitus. 9,18,47,89 However, one of the affected ferrets was diagnosed with a rare form of type-I diabetes mellitus associated with HAC and chronic pancreatitis. 14 Histological examination in this instance revealed a decreased number of β-cells in the pancreatic islets with focal lymphoplasmacytic pancreatitis and negative immunoreactivity to insulin.…”

Section: Endocrine Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinopathy and Aging in Ferrets

et al. 2016

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Ferrets have become more popular as household pets and as animal models in biomedical research in the past 2 decades. The average life span of ferrets is about 5-11 years with onset of geriatric diseases between 3-4 years including endocrinopathies, neoplasia, gastrointestinal diseases, cardiomyopathy, splenomegaly, renal diseases, dental diseases, and cataract. Endocrinopathies are the most common noninfectious disease affecting middle-aged and older ferrets. Spontaneous neoplasms affecting the endocrine system of ferrets appear to be increasing in prevalence with a preponderance toward proliferative lesions in the adrenal cortex and pancreatic islet cells. Diet, gonadectomy, and genetics may predispose ferrets to an increased incidence of these endocrinopathies. These functional proliferative lesions cause hypersecretion of hormones that alter the physiology and metabolism of the affected ferrets resulting in a wide range of clinical manifestations. However, there is an apparent dearth of information available in the literature about the causal relationship between aging and neoplasia in ferrets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the anatomy and physiology of endocrine organs, disease incidence, age at diagnosis, clinical signs, pathology, and molecular markers available for diagnosis of various endocrine disorders in ferrets.

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Section: Endocrine Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinopathy and Aging in Ferrets

et al. 2016

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“…This peakless attribute of insulin glargine is preferred as it minimizes the variations in blood glucose concentrations in humans . Reports of insulin glargine use in other animal species produced more variable results with the insulin being peakless in dogs but not in cats and a ferret …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Glucose Response to 3 Types of Insulin Using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in Healthy Alpacas

Byers¹,

Beemer²,

Lear³

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundPersistent hyperglycemia is common in alpacas and typically requires insulin administration for resolution; however, little is known about alpacas’ response to different insulin formulations.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of 3 insulin formulations on blood glucose concentrations and the use of a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system in alpacas.AnimalsSix healthy alpacas.MethodsThe CGM was installed in the left paralumbar fossa at the start of this crossover study and recorded data every 5 minutes. Regular insulin, NPH insulin, insulin glargine, and dextrose were administered to each alpaca over a 2‐week period. Blood samples were collected for glucose testing at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours, and then every 6 hours after each administration of insulin or dextrose. Data were compared by using method comparison techniques, error grid plots, and ANOVA.ResultsBlood glucose concentrations decreased most rapidly after regular insulin administration when administered IV or SC as compared to the other formulations. The NPH insulin produced the longest suppression of blood glucose. The mean CGM interstitial compartment glucose concentrations were typically lower than the intravascular compartment glucose concentrations. The alpacas had no adverse reactions to the different insulin formulations.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe NPH insulin might be more appropriate for long‐term use in hyperglycemic alpacas because of its extended duration of action. A CGM is useful in monitoring glucose trends and reducing blood collection events, but it should not be the sole method for determining treatment protocols.

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“…Diabetes mellitus in ferrets may be spontaneous, iatrogenic, or as a postoperative sequela to pancreatectomy. [57][58][59] Treatment of diabetes ketoacidosis consists of fluid therapy, electrolyte corrections, and insulin therapy. 57,59 Previous experience suggests using initially short-acting insulin to gain glycemic control (0.25 U/kg, IM, every 4 hours), 57 after which switching to long-acting insulin (insulin glargine) for maintenance glycemic control (0.5 U, subcutaneously, every 12 hours).…”

Section: Diabetic Ketoacidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…57,59 Previous experience suggests using initially short-acting insulin to gain glycemic control (0.25 U/kg, IM, every 4 hours), 57 after which switching to long-acting insulin (insulin glargine) for maintenance glycemic control (0.5 U, subcutaneously, every 12 hours). 58…”

Section: Diabetic Ketoacidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical and Surgical Emergencies in Ferrets

Girolamo¹,

Selleri²

2016

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice

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In the last few years, significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment of ferret emergencies has occurred. Scientific advances demonstrated the need of specific practices when dealing with emergencies in ferrets. The risk of overdiagnosis of hypoglycemia with human portable blood glucose meters is a clear example. The purpose of this article is to describe the current approach to common medical and surgical emergencies in ferrets.

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Insulin glargine treatment of a ferret with diabetes mellitus

Abstract: Regular SC administration of insulin glargine was successful in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the ferret of this report and may be effective for other diabetic ferrets.

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Endocrinopathy and Aging in Ferrets

Endocrinopathy and Aging in Ferrets

Evaluation of Glucose Response to 3 Types of Insulin Using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in Healthy Alpacas

Medical and Surgical Emergencies in Ferrets

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