Insulin Growth Factor1 and Ghrelin's Relationship with the Nutritional Status of Children with Short Stature

Abstract

Background: Pediatricians often have to deal with problems of short stature, specifically in underdeveloped nations. Changes to total ghrelin (TG) or acylated ghrelin (AG) were thought to alter growth by changes in growth hormone secretion, which in turn could impact the formation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) or through changes in hunger and food consumption. Aim: To boost the upkeep of children with small heights and the results resulting from it. Methods: Between March 2021 and October 2022, a cross-sectional descriptive study was performed at Mahala General Hospital's pediatric endocrine clinic. In this study, 48 participants were enrolled. The patients were split into two groups: group B had children with unexplained short height, while group A contained children deficient in growth hormone. Ghrelin levels, IGF-1 and growth hormone, thyroxine and triiodothyronine, and thyroid stimulating hormone were all measured.Results: There was a statistically significant drop in IGF-1 in group I compared to group II. Additionally, group I had considerably more Ghrelin than group II. GH exhibited a statistically significant difference in its negative correlation with ghrelin and its positive correlation (with IGF1. Conclusion: The relationship between GH and IGF-1 and ghrelin is negative, and the Short Stature group has a lower body mass index (BMI) than the group with a deficiency in growth hormone, which indicates a lower nutritional status. Idiopathic low stature may have ghrelin as a contributing factor in its etiology.