Insulin-independent diabetes: A defect in the activity of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue

Taylor, K. G.; Galton, D. J.; Holdsworth, G.

doi:10.1007/bf01223620

Cited by 56 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Disturbances in the nutritional regulation of adipose tissue LPL activity have been observed in certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions like ageing, 11 obesity 21 and insulin resistance. 22 Bergö et al 11 reported that the downregulation of LPL activity during fasting disappeared in old rats. They suggest that loss of the ability to down-regulate the activity during fasting may result from a metabolic derangement, because old rats had elevated plasma glucose levels.…”

Section: Lpl Activity and Lipolysis During The Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 also reported that fat cells isolated from male rats treated for 5 days with estradiol were insulin resistant. Taylor et al 22 reported that a feature in the development of insulin resistance in adult diabetics was a failure of maintenance of adipose tissue enzyme activities involved in lipid metabolism. Plasma estradiol level was highest at proestrus but LPL activity was lowest at estrus.…”

Section: Lpl Activity and Lipolysis During The Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

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The hormonal responses of lipoprotein lipase activity and lipolysis in adipose tissue differ depending on the stage of the estrous cycle in female rats

et al. 2002

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OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to elucidate whether there were differences in the hormonal responses of the parameters involving triacylglycerol (TG) deposition and mobilization in adipose tissue among the stages of the estrous cycle in female rats. MEASUREMENTS: Adipose tissue was obtained from the parametrial region in female rats at each stage of the estrous cycle. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in the extracts of acetone=ether powders of the tissues was measured as a parameter for TG deposition. Norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis in isolated fat cells was measured as a parameter for TG mobilization. RESULTS: LPL activity changed periodically during the estrous cycle; the activity level was highest at diestrus, began to decrease at proestrus, reached a minimum at estrus, began to increase again at metestrus-1, and increased further at metestrus-2. At diestrus and proestrus, LPL activity was increased with an increase in plasma insulin levels, suggesting that plasma insulin was the predominant up-regulator of LPL. But at estrus, metestrus-1 and metestrus-2, LPL activity remained low even when plasma insulin levels were high, indicating that it was not up-regulated by plasma insulin. Norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis in fat cells was high at estrus and metestrus-1 and low at diestrus. CONCLUSION: The hormonal responses of LPL activity and lipolysis in adipose tissue differed depending on the stage of the estrous cycle.

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Section: Lpl Activity and Lipolysis During The Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lpl Activity and Lipolysis During The Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

The hormonal responses of lipoprotein lipase activity and lipolysis in adipose tissue differ depending on the stage of the estrous cycle in female rats

et al. 2002

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“…Insulin deficiency and insulin resistance in diabetic subjects are associated with subnormal levels of LPL which are restored with insulin treatment [1,2]. In healthy subjects, adipose tissue LPL decreases during fasting [3,4] and increases with carbohydrate feeding [5][6][7].…”

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Response of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and serum lipoproteins to acute hyperinsulinaemia in man

et al. 1984

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Summary. In order to assess the short-term effects of hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia on adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and on serum lipoproteins, we measured these variables in ten normal subjects during euglycaemic and hyperglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamps. The mean steadystate plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, respectively, were 4.7 mmol/1 and 101 mU/1 during euglycaemic moderateinsulin clamp, 4.9 mmol/1 and 565 mU/1 during euglycaemic high-insulin clamp, and 8.8 mmol/1 and 148 mU/l during hyperglycaemic clamp. Saline infusion was used as control. The adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity rose significantly over 5 h during high-insulin clamp (p< 0.01) and during hyperglycaemic clamp (p< 0.05), but did not change during the moderate-insulin clamp. The magnitude of change of lipoprotein lipase activity from baseline (either rise or fall) was inversely related to the preclamp activity during euglycaemic moderate-insulin clamp (r=-0.67), during hyperglycaemic clamp (r= -0.68) and during infusion of saline (r= -0.75, p<0.05). Total serum triglyceride concentration decreased significantly during all clamp studies compared with the control experiment. This change was mainly accounted for by a decrease of VLDL triglyceride. The LDL cholesterol level fell by an average of 5% (p< 0.05) during the high-insulin clamp and by 10% (p< 0.05) during the hyperglycaemic clamp. The HDL cholesterol level did not change significantly. It is concluded that adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity in man is increased by physiological insulin levels during hyperglycaemia and also by supraphysiological insulin levels during euglycaemia, but is not influenced by physiological hyperinsulinaemia without hyperglycaemia. Low basal lipoprotein lipase activity is more sensitive to insulin-glucose stimulation than primarily high lipoprotein lipase activity. Acute hyperinsulinaemia decreases VLDL triglyceride and LDL cholesterol concentrations.

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Relationship between insulin-mediated glucose disposal and regulation of plasma and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase

et al. 1997

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Lipoprotein lipase plays a key role in the catabolism of triglyceride(TG)-rich lipoproteins [1], and it is generally accepted that the activity of this enzyme is decreased in insulin-deficient states [2][3][4]. While alterations in LPL have long been suspected in insulin resistance [1,5], the situation concerning the relationship between LPL and insulin-mediated glucose disposal is more complicated. Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are generally assumed to be insulin resistant [6,7], and there is evidence that LPL activity is decreased in these subjects [8,9]. However, this conclusion is confounded by not knowing whether the changes noted are due to the insulin resistance, the decrease in plasma insulin concentration or the ambient hyperglycaemia that is also present in these individuals. One approach to evaluating the effect of insulin resistance per se on LPL activity, is to study normal glucose tolerant individuals. Results of recent studies have shown that LPL activity was reduced in post-heparin (PH) plasma [10,11], skeletal muscle [12,13] and adipose tissue [14,15] of insulin resistant individuals. To our knowledge, however, adipose tissue LPL activity, Diabetologia (1997) 40: 850-858 Relationship between insulin-mediated glucose disposal and regulation of plasma and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase Summary The relationship between insulin-mediated glucose disposal and fasting insulin and triglyceride (TG) concentrations, plasma post-heparin lipoprotein lipase (PH-LPL) activity and mass, and adipose tissue LPL activity, mass, and mRNA content was defined in 19 non-diabetic men. Insulin-mediated glucose uptake [as assessed by determining the steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration during a continuous infusion of somatostatin, insulin, and glucose] was significantly correlated with fasting TG concentration (r = 0.54, p < 0.02), plasma PH-LPL activity (r = -0.52, p < 0.03) and mass (r = -0.49, p < 0.03), and adipose tissue LPL mRNA content (r = -0.68, p < 0.001). Comparable relationships were also seen when fasting insulin concentration was substituted for SSPG. Although adipose tissue LPL and mass correlated with each other (r = 0.76, p < 0.001) in a fasting state, they were not related to any other variable measured. Using in vivo and molecular biology techniques, these data demonstrate that the more insulin resistant an individual, the lower the level of plasma PH-LPL activity and mass, and the higher the plasma TG concentration. Since lower concentrations of adipose tissue mRNA were also directly correlated with plasma PH-LPL mass (r = 0.57, p < 0.01), and inversely with plasma TG concentration (r = -0.68, p < 0.001) as well as SSPG (r = -0.68, p < 0.001), it can be postulated that the relationship between insulin resistance and LPL activity and plasma TG concentration is associated with the inability of insulin to stimulate the transcription or to increase the intracellular mRNA stability of adipose tissue LPL in insulin resistant individuals. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 85...

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Insulin-independent diabetes: A defect in the activity of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

The hormonal responses of lipoprotein lipase activity and lipolysis in adipose tissue differ depending on the stage of the estrous cycle in female rats

The hormonal responses of lipoprotein lipase activity and lipolysis in adipose tissue differ depending on the stage of the estrous cycle in female rats

Response of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and serum lipoproteins to acute hyperinsulinaemia in man

Relationship between insulin-mediated glucose disposal and regulation of plasma and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase

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