Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Environmental Modulation of Growth during Smoltification of Spring Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Beckman, Brian R.; Larsen, Donald A.; Moriyama, Shunsuke; Lee-Pawlak, Beeda; Dickhoff, Walton W.

doi:10.1006/gcen.1997.7036

Cited by 142 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Discrete peaks of IGF-I in plasma during smoltification have been reported in chinook salmon (Beckman et al 1998), coho salmon (Larsen et al 2001) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; Ágústsson et al 2001). Those IGF-I profiles seem to be influenced by environmental factors such as photoperiod, water temperature and feeding ration (Beckman et al 1998, McCormick et al 2000, Larsen et al 2001. Plasma 41 kDa IGFBP, on the other hand, showed a single peak in March and stayed relatively constant thereafter, whereas IGF-I showed a second peak in April.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 95%

Development of an RIA for salmon 41 kDa IGF-binding protein

Shimizu¹,

Hara²,

Dickhoff³

2003

Journal of Endocrinology

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Salmon plasma contains at least three IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) with molecular masses of 41, 28 and 22 kDa. The 41 kDa IGFBP is similar to mammalian IGFBP-3 in size, type of glycosylation and physiological responses. In this study, we developed an RIA for the 41 kDa IGFBP. The 41 kDa IGFBP purified from serum was used for antibody production and as an assay standard. Binding of three different preparations of tracer were examined: 125 I-41 kDa IGFBP, I-IGF-I was not affected by added IGFs, and therefore it was chosen for the tracer in the RIA. Plasma 41 kDa IGFBP levels measured by RIA were increased by GH treatment (178·9 4·9 ng/ml) and decreased after fasting (95·0 7·0 ng/ml). The molarities of plasma 41 kDa IGFBP and total IGF-I were comparable, and they were positively correlated, suggesting that salmon 41 kDa IGFBP is a main carrier of circulating IGF-I in salmon, as is mammalian IGFBP-3 in mammals. During the parr-smolt transformation (smoltification) of coho salmon, plasma 41 kDa IGFBP levels showed a transient peak (182·5 10·3 ng/ml) in March and stayed relatively constant thereafter, whereas IGF-I showed peak levels in March and April. Differences in the molar ratio between 41 kDa IGFBP and IGF-I possibly influence availability of IGF-I in the circulation during smoltification.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 95%

Development of an RIA for salmon 41 kDa IGF-binding protein

Shimizu¹,

Hara²,

Dickhoff³

2003

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…In Delta Smelt, Hammock et al (2015) used suites of indices across levels of biological organization (cellular, organ, individual) to assess fish condition at temporal scales ranging from hours to weeks to understand short-term habitat-specific condition and longer-term cumulative condition across life stages and habitat regions. For example, stomach fullness, RNA-DNA ratios, and plasma insulin-like growth factor-I reflect recent foraging success and shortterm nutritional status (Buckley 1979;Beckman et al 1998;MacFarlane and Norton 2002). Lipid dynamics, and especially the level of triglycerides, are a useful metric to assess the amount of energy reserves present in juvenile fishes, which may be an important determinant of ocean survival, especially in years where ocean conditions are poor (Lindley et al 2009;MacFarlane 2010).…”

Section: Advancement 5: Develop and Collect Metrics Of Fish Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Suites of indices assess condition during short temporal scales (hours to weeks) and longer-term cumulative condition (Hammock et al 2015) • Identifies foraging success and nutritional reserves (Beckman et al 1998;MacFarlane 2010) Example Applications…”

Section: Key Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science Advancements Key to Increasing Management Value of Life Stage Monitoring Networks for Endangered Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon in California

Johnson¹,

Windell²,

Brandes³

et al. 2017

SFEWS

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A robust monitoring network that provides quantitative information about the status of imperiled species at key life stages and geographic locations over time is fundamental for sustainable management of fisheries resources. For anadromous species, management actions in one geographic domain can substantially affect abundance of subsequent life stages that span broad geographic regions. Quantitative metrics (e.g., abundance, movement, survival, life history diversity, and condition) at multiple life stages are needed to inform how management actions (e.g., hatcheries, harvest, hydrology, and habitat restoration) influence salmon population dynamics. The existing monitoring network for endangered Sacramento River winterrun Chinook Salmon (SRWRC, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in California's Central Valley was compared to conceptual models developed for each life stage and geographic region of the life cycle to identify relevant SRWRC metrics. We concluded that the current monitoring network was insufficient to diagnose when (life stage) and where (geographic domain) chronic or episodic reductions in SRWRC cohorts occur, precluding within-and among-year comparisons. The strongest quantitative data exist in the Upper Sacramento River, where abundance estimates are generated for adult spawners and emigrating juveniles. However, once SRWRC leave the upper river, our knowledge of their identity,

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“…However, the relationship between the growth-promoting and osmoregulatory actions of GH and IGF-I are not well understood. In this respect, while several studies in salmonids have shown good relationships between circulating GH and IGF-I and gill Na ϩ -K ϩ -ATPase activity (and growth) during either smoltification, or abrupt SW challenge (5,8,9,45,75,94,97), others failed to show such clear relationships following abrupt SW challenge or SW entry in salmonids (23, 57, 93, 96), including rainbow trout (72, 75).To gain a clearer picture of the underlying endocrine and physiological adjustments inherent with salinity acclimation in a salmonid, we have used the nonmigratory rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) wherein preparative changes that could influence or alter the acclimation process to higher salinity should not occur. Despite this advantage, differences in the endocrine response of rainbow trout, to abrupt salinity challenge, have been reported (72,75).…”

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confidence: 96%

Salinity acclimation affects the somatotropic axis in rainbow trout

Shepherd¹,

Drennon²,

Johnson³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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In this study, we set out to examine the role of the somatotropic axis in the ion-regulation process in rainbow trout. Specifically, our objective was to examine whether plasma insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are modulated by gradual salinity exposure. To this end, freshwater (FW)-adapted rainbow trout were subjected to gradual salinity increases, up to 66% seawater, over a period of 5 days. During this acclimation process, minimal elevations in plasma Ca 2ϩ and Cl Ϫ were seen in the salinity-acclimated groups compared with FW controls. There were no changes in plasma Na ϩ levels, and only a minor transient change in plasma cortisol levels was seen with salinity exposure. The salinity challenged animals responded with elevations in plasma growth hormone (GH) and IGF-I levels and gill Na ϩ -K ϩ -ATPase activity. We identified IGFBPs of 21, 32, 42, and 50 kDa in size in the plasma of these animals, and they were consistently higher with salinity. Despite the overall increase in IGFBPs with salinity, transient changes in individual BPs over the 5-day period were noted in the FW and salinity-exposed fish. Specifically, the transient changes in plasma levels of the 21-, 42-, and 50-kDa IGFBPs were different between the FW and salinity groups, while the 32-kDa IGFBP showed a similar trend (increases with sampling time) in both groups. Considered together, the elevated plasma IGFBPs suggest a key role for these binding proteins in the regulation of IGF-I during salinity acclimation in salmonids.insulin-like growth factor binding-proteins; insulin-like growth factor-I; growth hormone; rainbow trout; salinity EURYHALINE TELEOSTS, such as killifish, tilapia, and eels, survive abrupt full-strength seawater (SW) transfer without prior physiological preparation (14,42,92), whereas salmonids undergo a preacclimation process that is essential to SW survival (46). The preacclimation process involves physiological and morphological changes that improve salinity tolerance of developing/migrating salmonids (16,31,48). These physiological changes, such as salinity tolerance, are driven by changes in circulating hormones such as growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), somatolactin (SL), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and cortisol (8,24,45).Efforts to separate the endocrine and physiological response to salinity exposure, from the acquisition of salinity tolerance by migrating salmonids, have been made difficult by species differences (48) and aspects of the preacclimation process such as developmental and sex-specific differences (8,10,30,48,50,55), changes in temperature and photoperiod (5, 8, 9, 27), diet and rearing conditions (64, 97), growth, genetic lineage and domestication (24,27,57), and the method and duration used for salinity challenge (9,72,73,75,93).Aside from the aforementioned factors that influence salinity tolerance and hormone levels in salmonids, there is good evidence to show that the preacclimation process, SW tolerance, and enhanced growth of SW-acclimated salmonids are controlled by ...

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Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Environmental Modulation of Growth during Smoltification of Spring Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Cited by 142 publications

References 52 publications

Development of an RIA for salmon 41 kDa IGF-binding protein

Development of an RIA for salmon 41 kDa IGF-binding protein

Science Advancements Key to Increasing Management Value of Life Stage Monitoring Networks for Endangered Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon in California

Salinity acclimation affects the somatotropic axis in rainbow trout

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