Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins-1, -2, and -3 in newborn serum: relationships to fetoplacental growth at term

Osorio, Martha Isabel Sarmiento; Torres, Jimena; Moya, Fernando; Pezzullo, John C.; Salafia, Carolyn M.; Baxter, Robert C.; Schwander, J; Fant, Michael E.

doi:10.1016/0378-3782(96)01737-9

Cited by 71 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Birth and placental weight are positively associated with cord blood levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-2:IGF-2 receptor ratios (7,8). We observe similar relationships in OT1D and, in addition, a relationship of insulin with birth weight and placental weight.…”

Section: Research Design Andsupporting

confidence: 63%

Role of Adiponectin in Matching of Fetal and Placental Weight in Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2008

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OBJECTIVE -To assess the association of fetal hormones with placental growth and fetal weight-to-placental weight ratio index (FPI) in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We conducted a prospective study using umbilical venous blood samples taken at birth from 122 offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (OT1D) and 46 control subjects.RESULTS -Placental weight (P ϭ 0.009) and gestation-adjusted birth weight (P Ͻ 0.001) were increased in OT1D, but FPI was unaltered (P ϭ 0.33). Placental weight correlated with birth weight (P Ͻ 0.001) and cord leptin (P Ͻ 0.001) in control subjects and OT1D, with further relationships with cord insulin, IGF-1, IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and triceps and subscapular thickness in OT1D. FPI was associated with adiponectin in both groups, even after adjustment for confounders.CONCLUSIONS -Placental and fetal growth show a parallel increase in mothers with type 1 diabetes. The possible role of adiponectin in matching of fetal and placental growth merits further study. Diabetes Care 31:1123-1125, 2008P lacental weight is strongly associated with birth weight, with experimental and epidemiological studies demonstrating associations of reduced fetal weight-to-placental weight ratio index (FPI) with later hypertension, glucose intolerance, and coronary heart disease, suggesting in utero programming of adult disease (1). Fetal adiponectin, an adipokine with insulin-sensitizing and antiinflammatory effects, has been identified as the first biomarker associated with FPI (2). In this study, we examined FPI and its relation to hormonal indexes, in particular those of insulin and adiponectin, in offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (OT1D), a group observed to exhibit reduced FPI (3) and adiponectin (4) and to be subject to in utero programming of glucose intolerance (5). RESEARCH DESIGN ANDMETHODS -A comprehensive description of prospective recruitment and exclusion criteria are available in previous publications (4,6). A total of 122 OT1D and 46 control subjects were available for analysis. FPI (birth weight [grams] divided by placental weight [grams]) was calculated for each delivery. Maternal A1C and cord plasma insulin, leptin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 were assayed centrally (4,6). Hemoglobin and hematocrit (available in 32 control subjects and 81 OT1D) were measured locally by routine clinical hematological analyzers. A1C was included when assessed between weeks 26 and 34 of pregnancy (available in 90 OT1D).Results are presented as mean Ϯ SD or unadjusted median (interquartile range). Pearson correlations, general linear models, and stepwise logistic regression (P Յ 0.15 for inclusion of predictors) on log-transformed variables were used to assess relationships.RESULTS -Mean Ϯ SD birth weight (control subjects 3,553 Ϯ 520 g, OT1D 3,778 Ϯ 701 g; P Ͻ 0.001) and placental weight (control subjects 627 g [551-700], OT1D 700 g [600 -800]; P Ͻ 0.001) were increased in OT1D, with no ...

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Section: Research Design Andsupporting

confidence: 63%

Role of Adiponectin in Matching of Fetal and Placental Weight in Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2008

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“…In human studies much effort has focussed on establishing whether circulating foetal IGF2 levels correlate with foetal growth. However, the evidence is conflicting, as a variety of studies which have found that IGF2 levels in the placenta and/or cord blood correlate positively with birth weight [55][56][57][58][59], while others find no such relationship [60][61][62][63][64]. The discrepancies may partly be due to a failure to take into account the impact of changes in the levels of the circulating non-imprinted binding proteins which alter IGF2 bioavailability, IGFBPs.…”

Section: Maternalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discrepancies may partly be due to a failure to take into account the impact of changes in the levels of the circulating non-imprinted binding proteins which alter IGF2 bioavailability, IGFBPs. Serum level of several IGFBPs has been found to correlate with birth weight and may be modulated by in utero nutrition [57,58,61,65]. This relationship with proteins which modulate bioavailability makes Igf2 a particularly challenging model for assessing phenotypic plasticity and imprinted gene dosage and also suggests that the effective dosage of imprinted genes may be modulated post transcriptionally by non-imprinted pathways.…”

Section: Maternalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic imprinting as an adaptative model of developmental plasticity

2011

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Developmental plasticity can be defined as the ability of one genotype to produce a range of phenotypes in response to environmental conditions. Such plasticity can be manifest at the level of individual cells, an organ, or a whole organism. Imprinted genes are a group of approximately 100 genes with functionally monoallelic, parental‐origin specific expression. As imprinted genes are critical for prenatal growth and metabolic axis development and function, modulation of imprinted gene dosage has been proposed to play a key role in the plastic development of the unborn foetus in response to environmental conditions. Evidence is accumulating that imprinted dosage may also be involved in controlling the plastic potential of individual cells or stem cell populations. Imprinted gene dosage can be modulated through canonical, transcription factor mediated mechanisms, or through the relaxation of imprinting itself, reactivating the normally silent allele.

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“…In addition, maternal IGFBP-1 excess is associated with reduced fetal growth indicating placental insufficiency (69). In human, there is a striking inverse correlation between maternal and fetal circulating levels of IGFBP-1 and fetal size (39,44,70,71). It is postulated that IGFBP-1 inhibits the growth-promoting effect of IGF-I by binding fetal IGFs in IUGR.…”

Section: Regulation Of Gh Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic disorders in the GH–IGF-I axis in mouse and man

Walenkamp

Wit²

2007

eur j endocrinol

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Animal knockout experiments have offered the opportunity to study genes that play a role in growth and development. In the last few years, reports of patients with genetic defects in GH-IGF-I axis have greatly increased our knowledge of genetically determined causes of short stature. We will present the animal data and human reports of genetic disorders in the GH-IGF-I axis in order to describe the role of the GH-IGF-I axis in intrauterine and postnatal growth. In addition, the effects of the GH-IGF-I axis on the development and function of different organ systems such as brain, inner ear, eye, skeleton, glucose homeostasis, gonadal function, and immune system will be discussed. The number of patients with genetic defects in the GH-IGF-I axis is small, and a systematic diagnostic approach and selective genetic analysis in a patient with short stature are essential to identify more patients. Finally, the implications of a genetic defect in the GH-IGF-I axis for the patient and the therapeutic options will be discussed.European Journal of Endocrinology 157 S15-S26

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Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins-1, -2, and -3 in newborn serum: relationships to fetoplacental growth at term

Cited by 71 publications

References 20 publications

Role of Adiponectin in Matching of Fetal and Placental Weight in Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes

Role of Adiponectin in Matching of Fetal and Placental Weight in Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes

Genomic imprinting as an adaptative model of developmental plasticity

Genetic disorders in the GH–IGF-I axis in mouse and man

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