Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: Mechanisms Involved and Modifying Factors for Effective Glucose Control

Sakr, Hussein F.; Sirasanagandla, Srinivasa Rao; Das, Srijit; Bima, Abdulhadi; Elsamanoudy, Ayman Z.

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11082271

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 175 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, IR increases excessive glycosylation, which promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells as well as cross-linking and deposition of collagen, all of which contribute to cardiac fibrosis and stiffening of the diastolic left ventricle 42 . Finally, IR-induced ectopic angiotensinogen production and incorrect renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation result in fluid retention and hypertension, which in turn cause cardiovascular events 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triglyceride-glucose body mass index predicts prognosis in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Liu,

Pan,

Meng

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Triglyceride glycemic-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is a simple and reliable surrogate for insulin resistance (IR). However, it is still unclear if TyG-BMI has any predictive value in patients having percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The purpose of this study was to examine the TyG-BMI index's prognostic significance and predictive power in patients with STEMI. The study comprised a total of 2648 consecutive STEMI patients who underwent PCI. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as the combination of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and coronary revascularization. The TyG-BMI index was formulated as ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)/2] × BMI. 193 patients in all experienced MACE over a median follow-up of 14.7 months. There was a statistically significant difference between the Kaplan–Meier survival curves for the TyG-BMI index tertiles (log-rank test, p = 0.019) for the cumulative incidence of MACE. The adjusted HRs for the incidence of MACE in the middle and highest quartiles of the TyG-BMI index compared with the lowest quartile were 1.37 (95% CI 0.92, 2.03) and 1.53 (95% CI 1.02, 2.29), respectively, in the fully adjusted Cox regression model. At six months, one year, and three years, the TyG-BMI area under the curve (AUC) for predicting MACE was 0.691, 0.666, and 0.637, respectively. Additionally, adding the TyG-BMI index to the risk prediction model enhanced outcome prediction. In STEMI patients undergoing PCI, TyG-BMI was independently linked to MACE. TyG-BMI could be a simple and solid way to assess MACE risk and prognosis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triglyceride-glucose body mass index predicts prognosis in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Liu,

Pan,

Meng

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have shown that insulin resistance can promote the formation of advanced glycation end products, increase oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, decrease nitro oxide synthesis, and increase volume load. These mechanisms together lead to increased peripheral vascular resistance and preload, ultimately resulting in the development of hypertension [ 26 ]. Insulin resistance also plays a key role in the progression of hypertension-induced target organ damage, like left ventricular hypertrophy, atherosclerosis and chronic kidney disease [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central and peripheral blood pressures in relation to the triglyceride-glucose index in a Chinese population

Sun,

Hu,

Huang

et al. 2024

Cardiovasc Diabetol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, the relationship between the TyG index and central blood pressure (BP), has not been well studied in adults. Methods A total of 715 Chinese adult participants were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric and BP were assessed. The TyG index was calculated as ln[fasting triglycerides(mg/dL) × fasting glucose(mg/dL)/2]. Central BP was measured using SphygmoCor system. Results The participants were stratified into three groups based on the TyG index, and significant differences were observed in metabolic and cardiovascular parameters and the prevalence of hypertension among the groups. Both brachial (β = 1.38, P = 0.0310; group highest vs. lowest, β = 2.66, P = 0.0084) and aortic (β = 2.38, P = 0.0002; group highest vs. lowest, β = 3.96, P = 0.0001) diastolic BP were significantly and independently associated with the TyG index and increasing TyG index tertile. However, there was no independent association between the TyG index and systolic BP. A one-unit increase in the TyG index was associated with a 46% higher risk of hypertension (P = 0.0121), and compared with the lowest group, participants in the highest group had a 95% higher risk of hypertension (P = 0.0057). Conclusions Our study demonstrates a significant and independent association between the TyG index and both brachial and aortic diastolic BP in Chinese adults. Furthermore, the TyG index was found to be an independent predictor of hypertension.

show abstract

“…Fifth, caffeine might impair insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism [ 29 ]. Insulin resistance and dysregulated glucose metabolism are risk factors for hypertension and cardiovascular disease [ 30 ]. Sixth, caffeine interferes with intracellular calcium signaling, which plays a crucial role in smooth muscle contraction and vascular tone regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Antenatal Tea Drinking and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Arafa,

Sheerah,

Alzaydan

et al. 2024

Epidemiologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several adverse maternal outcomes have been linked to the excessive consumption of caffeine during pregnancy. Tea is an important source of caffeine. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are common pregnancy complications with unfavorable maternal and fetal complications. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between antenatal tea drinking and HDP using a meta-analysis of available evidence. We systematically retrieved eligible studies before computing the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of HDP for women who reported the highest versus the lowest frequencies of antenatal tea drinking. We used the I2 statistic to measure heterogeneity across studies and the test for funnel plot asymmetry to evaluate publication bias. The results showed that the highest frequencies of antenatal tea drinking were associated with increased odds of HDP (pooled OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.33). We identified no signs of heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 0.0% and p-heterogeneity = 0.498) or publication bias (z = 0.791 and p-publication bias = 0.429). When the outcome was limited to (pre-)eclampsia, the association became statistically non-significant (pooled OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.86, 1.89, I2 = 0.0%, and p-heterogeneity = 0.751). In conclusion, our results indicated that the highest frequency of antenatal tea drinking was positively associated with HDP. Pregnant women should be advised against excessive tea consumption. Still, future prospective cohort studies, considering the effects of different tea types and caffeine content, are needed to confirm our conclusions.

show abstract

Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: Mechanisms Involved and Modifying Factors for Effective Glucose Control

Cited by 10 publications

References 175 publications

Triglyceride-glucose body mass index predicts prognosis in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Triglyceride-glucose body mass index predicts prognosis in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Central and peripheral blood pressures in relation to the triglyceride-glucose index in a Chinese population

The Association between Antenatal Tea Drinking and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About