Insulin resistance, obesity and breast cancer risk

Pichard, C.; Plu‐Bureau, Geneviève; Castro, Marygrace; Gompel, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.03.002

Cited by 73 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…41 However, as many other cytokines, it also has direct mitogenic, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory effects in various cellular systems, and could thus promote estrogen-independent breast cancer development. 42 Consistently with these potential mechanisms, it has been shown in vitro that inhibition of leptin signaling results in reduced tumor activity in ER þ as well as ERÀ breast cancer cells. 43 Finally the rapid decline in circulating leptin levels rapidly decline after menopause.…”

Section: Height and Breast Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 82%

Hip circumference is associated with the risk of premenopausal ER−/PR− breast cancer

et al. 2011

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Objective: We evaluated the relationship between hip and waist circumferences (HCs, WCs), waist-to-hip ratio, height, weight and body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer risk according to menopausal status of women and cancer hormone receptor status. Design: We used data from the French E3N longitudinal prospective cohort. Subjects: In the total population of 63 726 women who were analyzed, 1887 breast cancer cases were diagnosed during follow-up. Results: Among postmenopausal women, the risk of ER þ /PR þ breast cancer increased with increasing weight, BMI, and both HCs and WCs, although these two associations disappeared after adjustment for BMI. No association was seen with ERÀ/PRÀ breast cancers. Among premenopausal women, among the different factors studied, HC only (no association was observed for any of the different factors studied except for HC) was associated with an increased risk of ER þ /PR þ breast cancer after adjustment for BMI (hazard ratio (HR) ¼ 1.65; (1.04-2.62) when comparing the highest to lowest tertile; P-trend across tertiles ¼ 0.03) and of ERÀ/PRÀ breast cancer both before and after adjustment for BMI (HR ¼ 2.85 (1.33-6.13); P-trend o0.01, and HR ¼ 3.13 (1.19-8.27) P-trend ¼ 0.02, respectively). In the latter group, the association with HC was observed whatever the WC (HR ¼ 2.81 (1.18-6.70) and HR ¼ 2.79 (1.16-6.76) in women with high HC/low WC and high HC/high WC, respectively). Conclusion: The increase in risk of premenopausal breast cancer associated with large HC for both ER þ /PR þ and ERÀ/PRÀ subtypes may provide insight into a specific risk factor for premenopausal breast cancer.

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Section: Height and Breast Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 82%

Hip circumference is associated with the risk of premenopausal ER−/PR− breast cancer

et al. 2011

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“…The associations between obesity, physical inactivity and certain components of dietary intake such as alcohol consumption and sporadic breast cancer risk are well established [7][8][9][10]. Obesity may increase breast cancer risk through a number of different mechanisms including insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, increased production of sex hormones, insulin-like growth factors, chronic low-grade inflammation and alterations in adipokines [9,[11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IFNL cytokines do not modulate human or murine NK cell functions

Morrison¹,

Keane²,

Quinn³

et al. 2014

Human Immunology

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Background: Breast cancer is the most common female cancer worldwide. The lifetime risk of a woman being diagnosed with breast cancer is approximately 12.5%. For women who carry the deleterious mutation in either of the BRCA genes, BRCA1 or BRCA2, the risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer is significantly increased. In recent years there has been increased penetrance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 associated breast cancer, prompting investigation into the role of modifiable risk factors in this group. Previous investigations into this topic have relied on participants recalling lifetime weight changes and subjective methods of recording physical activity. The influence of obesity-related biomarkers, which may explain the link between obesity, physical activity and breast cancer risk, has not been investigated prospectively in this group. This paper describes the design of a prospective cohort study investigating the role of predictive and modifiable risk factors for breast cancer in unaffected BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation carriers. Methods/design: Participants will be recruited from breast cancer family risk clinics and genetics clinics. Lifestyle risk factors that will be investigated will include body composition, metabolic syndrome and its components, physical activity and dietary intake. PBMC telomere length will be measured as a potential predictor of breast cancer occurrence. Measurements will be completed on entry to the study and repeated at two years and five years. Participants will also be followed annually by questionnaire to track changes in risk factor status and to record cancer occurrence. Data will be analysed using multiple regression models. The study has an accrual target of 352 participants.

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“…Meta-analysis of studies into coincidence of ovarian cancer and obesity showed that in 10 per 28 population-based studies correlation was statistically significant, and pooled effect estimate for adult obesity was 1.3 (95% CI 1.1-1.5) [15], which had previously been showed in one smaller paper [16]. Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a positive relationship between BMI and breast cancer with a significant relative risk ranging from 1.26 to 2.52 [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…: leptin, TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor α), interleukin-6, hepatocyte growth factor, and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF). Leptin, for example can be proliferative factor for breast cancer cells in vitro [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%