Insulin signaling in various equine tissues under basal conditions and acute stimulation by intravenously injected insulin

Warnken, Tobias; Brehm, Ralph; Feige, Karsten; Huber, Korinna

doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.04.003

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Marycz et al [11] reported increased insulin receptor and IRS expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Polish warmbloods with EMS, our conflicting data may therefore be due to the different depots we chose to study. There are clear depot-specific differences in insulin signalling and gene expression in humans and horses [36][37][38]. It should be noted that this candidate gene approach for assessing insulin signalling is very limited given the vast number of genes and the dynamic nature of insulin signalling and it tells us little about function which is generally governed by phosphorylation events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose tissue dysfunction in obese horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Reynolds

Keen

Fordham

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryBackgroundObesity is a common feature of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). In other species, obese adipose tissue shows pathological features such as adipocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation and impaired insulin signalling all of which contribute to whole body insulin dysregulation. Such adipose tissue dysfunction has not been investigated in horses.ObjectivesTo determine if obese horses with EMS have adipose tissue dysfunction characterised by adipocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation and altered insulin signalling.Study designCross‐sectional post‐mortem study.MethodsSamples of peri‐renal (visceral) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue were obtained at post‐mortem from healthy horses (n = 9) and horses with EMS (n = 6). Samples were analysed to determine average adipocyte size, fibrotic content and expression of inflammatory and insulin signalling genes.ResultsHorses with metabolic syndrome showed marked adipocyte hypertrophy and increased expression of adipokines (leptin) and inflammatory cytokines (TNFα,IL1β and CCL2) in both adipose tissue depots compared to healthy horses. There were no differences in fibrosis or expression of genes relating to insulin signalling between the groups.Main limitationsCases used in this study had advanced EMS and may represent the end stage of the condition; the design of the study is such that we were unable to relate the identified adipose tissue dysfunction to whole body insulin dysregulation.ConclusionsHorses with obesity and EMS have significant dysfunction of the peri‐renal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue that may contribute to whole body insulin dysregulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose tissue dysfunction in obese horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Reynolds

Keen

Fordham

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…In humans, adiponectin expression is higher in SAT than VAT (Fain et al, 2004) but the opposite is found in horses (Bruynsteen et al, 2013). There is also some evidence in humans and horses (Warnken et al, 2017) that SAT is more insulin sensitive than VAT, potentially contributing to 'safer' storage of lipids. This distinction between SAT and VAT is relevant in horses because clinical measures of AT depots (body condition scoring, weigh tapes) almost exclusively measure SAT.…”

Section: Subcutaneous Versus Visceral Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Bringing equine adipose tissue into focus

McCullagh,

Keen,

Dosi

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryAdipose tissue is not only required for energy storage but is an essential endocrine organ with a central role in the pathology of obesity. The understanding of its role, both in human and equine medicine, is continually evolving. With obesity being an ever‐growing problem in equine populations, gaining owner compliance is critical when implementing management plans. The aim of this review is to encourage the inclusion of the concept of adiposity in discussions with horse owners on obesity and metabolic syndrome. In doing this, we hope to improve clients' understanding and, therefore, maximise the impact of diagnostic tests, monitoring tools and management.

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“…Since no group differences were found for amino acids when disregarding the insulin concentration, it is possible that this supposed insulin resistance was offset by hyperinsulinemia. To investigate this possibility further, the simultaneous assessment of ID and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity by immunoblotting [29], proteomics or hardly realisable (in horses) positron emission tomography in combination with a 18F fluorodeoxyglucose OGT [30] would be required.…”

Section: Impact Of Insulin On the Metabolomementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic profile distinguishes laminitis-susceptible and -resistant ponies before and after feeding a high sugar diet

Delarocque

Reiche²,

Meier³

et al. 2021

BMC Vet Res

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Background Insulin dysregulation (ID) is a key risk factor for equine endocrinopathic laminitis, but in many cases ID can only be assessed accurately using dynamic tests. The identification of other biomarkers could provide an alternative or adjunct diagnostic method, to allow early intervention before laminitis develops. The present study characterised the metabolome of ponies with varying degrees of ID using basal and postprandial plasma samples obtained during a previous study, which examined the predictive power of blood insulin levels for the development of laminitis, in ponies fed a high-sugar diet. Samples from 10 pre-laminitic (PL – subsequently developed laminitis) and 10 non-laminitic (NL – did not develop laminitis) ponies were used in a targeted metabolomic assay. Differential concentration and pathway analysis were performed using linear models and global tests. Results Significant changes in the concentration of six glycerophospholipids (adj. P ≤ 0.024) and a global enrichment of the glucose-alanine cycle (adj. P = 0.048) were found to characterise the response of PL ponies to the high-sugar diet. In contrast, the metabolites showed no significant association with the presence or absence of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in all ponies. Conclusions The present results suggest that ID and laminitis risk are associated with alterations in the glycerophospholipid and glucose metabolism, which may help understand and explain some molecular processes causing or resulting from these conditions. The prognostic value of the identified biomarkers for laminitis remains to be investigated in further metabolomic trials in horses and ponies.

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Insulin signaling in various equine tissues under basal conditions and acute stimulation by intravenously injected insulin

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Adipose tissue dysfunction in obese horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Adipose tissue dysfunction in obese horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Bringing equine adipose tissue into focus

Metabolic profile distinguishes laminitis-susceptible and -resistant ponies before and after feeding a high sugar diet

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