Intact In Vitro Preparations of the Neonatal Rodent Cortex: Analysis of Cellular Properties and Network Activity

Luhmann, Heiko J.; Kilb, Werner

doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-020-5_10

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Extracellular field potentials were recorded with tungsten microelectrodes (impedance 4–5 MΩ; FHC, Bowdoinham, ME, USA) in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA3 region as described previously (Moser et al . ; Luhmann & Kilb, ). Signals were amplified by a purpose built amplifier, low‐pass filtered at 3 kHz and stored on a PC using an AD/DA board (ITC‐16; HEKA, Lamprecht, Germany) and TIDA software (HEKA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activation of glycine receptors modulates spontaneous epileptiform activity in the immature rat hippocampus

Chen

Okabe

Sun

et al. 2014

The Journal of Physiology

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Key pointsr Taurine has a pro-and anticonvulsive effect on the immature hippocampus, depending on the dose.r The taurine effect is mediated by GABA A and glycine receptors. r The taurine effect can be partially mimicked by glycine. r Inhibition of glycine receptors has a weak proconvulsive effect on the immature hippocampus. r We conclude that an endogenous activation of glycine receptors by glycine or taurine contributed to the control of neuronal excitability in the immature hippocampus.Abstract While the expression of glycine receptors in the immature hippocampus has been shown, no information about the role of glycine receptors in controlling the excitability in the immature CNS is available. Therefore, we examined the effect of glycinergic agonists and antagonists in the CA3 region of an intact corticohippocampal preparation of the immature (postnatal days 4-7) rat using field potential recordings. Bath application of 100 μM taurine or 10 μM glycine enhanced the occurrence of recurrent epileptiform activity induced by 20 μM 4-aminopyridine in low Mg 2+ solution. This proconvulsive effect was prevented by 3 μM strychnine or after incubation with the loop diuretic bumetanide (10 μM), suggesting that it required glycine receptors and an active NKCC1-dependent Cl − accumulation. Application of higher doses of taurine (ࣙ1 mM) or glycine (100 μM) attenuated recurrent epileptiform discharges. The anticonvulsive effect of taurine was also observed in the presence of the GABA A receptor antagonist gabazine and was attenuated by strychnine, suggesting that it was partially mediated by glycine receptors. Bath application of the glycinergic antagonist strychnine (0.3 μM) induced epileptiform discharges. We conclude from these results that in the immature hippocampus, activation of glycine receptors can mediate both pro-and anticonvulsive effects, but that a persistent activation of glycine receptors is required to suppress epileptiform activity. In summary, our study elucidated the important role of glycine receptors in the control of neuronal excitability in the immature hippocampus.R. Chen and A. Okabe contributed equally to this publication.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Moser et al . ; Luhmann & Kilb, ), was performed in oxygenated ice‐cold ACSF and lasted about 5 min. After separating the two hemispheres by a scalpel cut through the midline, the frontal cortex, brain stem, cerebellum and all diencephalic structures were removed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of glycine receptors modulates spontaneous epileptiform activity in the immature rat hippocampus

Chen

Okabe

Sun

et al. 2014

The Journal of Physiology

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“…30 Briefly, mice pups of postnatal days (P) 4-7 were deeply anesthetized with enflurane (Ethrane; Abbot Laboratories). The preparation of isolated in toto hippocampi has been described in detail before.…”

Section: Preparation and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preparation of isolated in toto hippocampi has been described in detail before. 30 Briefly, mice pups of postnatal days (P) 4-7 were deeply anesthetized with enflurane (Ethrane; Abbot Laboratories). After decapitation, the brains were quickly removed and immersed for 2-3 minutes in ice-cold standard artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF, composition see below).…”

Section: Preparation and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine potentiates the anticonvulsive effect of theGABA_Aagonist muscimol and pentobarbital in the immature mouse hippocampus

2019

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Summary Objective The high incidence of epileptic seizures in neonates and their frequent refractoriness to pharmacologic therapies require identification of new therapeutical options. Therefore, we investigated whether the modulatory effect of taurine on γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors can enhance the anticonvulsive potential of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol and of the barbiturate pentobarbital. Methods We performed field potential recordings in in toto hippocampus preparations of immature (postnatal days 4‐7) C57Bl/6 mouse pups. Spontaneous epileptiform activity was induced by the continuous presence of the potassium channel blocker 4‐aminopyridine and the glycinergic antagonist strychnine in Mg2+‐free solutions. Results Bath application of 0.1 μmol/L muscimol increases the occurrence of recurrent epileptiform discharges, whereas they are significantly attenuated in a dose‐dependent manner by muscimol in concentrations between 0.5 and 5 μmol/L. Taurine at concentrations between 0.1 and 0.5 mmol/L induces a proconvulsive effect, but upon coapplication, it significantly augments the anticonvulsive effect of moderate muscimol doses (0.5‐1 μmol/L). In addition, the anticonvulsive effect of 100 and 200 μmol/L pentobarbital is increased significantly in the presence of 0.5 μmol/L taurine. Significance These observations demonstrate that taurine can indeed enhance the anticonvulsive effects of muscimol and pentobarbital, suggesting that taurine may act as a positive modulator on GABAA receptors. Thus, interfering with the modulatory taurine binding site of GABAA receptors or the interstitial taurine concentration may provide new therapeutical options for anticonvulsive therapies in neonates.

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“…Intact Hippocampi: hippocampi were isolated en bloc as described before (Moser et al, 2006;Kilb et al, 2007;Luhmann & Kilb, 2012). In short, Wistar rat pups were anesthetized with enflurane (Ethrane, Abbot Wiesbaden, Germany), decapitated and their brains isolated and immediately transferred to ice-cold carbogenated standard solution.…”

Section: Preparations and Electrophysiological Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylxanthine-evoked perturbation of spontaneous and evoked activities in isolated newborn rat hippocampal networks

Ruangkittisakul

Sharopov²,

Kantor

et al. 2015

Neuroscience

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Intact In Vitro Preparations of the Neonatal Rodent Cortex: Analysis of Cellular Properties and Network Activity

Cited by 12 publications

References 70 publications

Activation of glycine receptors modulates spontaneous epileptiform activity in the immature rat hippocampus

Activation of glycine receptors modulates spontaneous epileptiform activity in the immature rat hippocampus

Taurine potentiates the anticonvulsive effect of theGABA_Aagonist muscimol and pentobarbital in the immature mouse hippocampus

Methylxanthine-evoked perturbation of spontaneous and evoked activities in isolated newborn rat hippocampal networks

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Intact In Vitro Preparations of the Neonatal Rodent Cortex: Analysis of Cellular Properties and Network Activity

Cited by 12 publications

References 70 publications

Activation of glycine receptors modulates spontaneous epileptiform activity in the immature rat hippocampus

Activation of glycine receptors modulates spontaneous epileptiform activity in the immature rat hippocampus

Taurine potentiates the anticonvulsive effect of theGABAAagonist muscimol and pentobarbital in the immature mouse hippocampus

Methylxanthine-evoked perturbation of spontaneous and evoked activities in isolated newborn rat hippocampal networks

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Taurine potentiates the anticonvulsive effect of theGABA_Aagonist muscimol and pentobarbital in the immature mouse hippocampus