Intake of brown rice lees reduces waist circumference and improves metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes

Kim, Tae Ho; Kim, Eun Kyoung; Lee, Min-Seok; Lee, Hyekyoung; Hwang, Won Sun; Choe, Sun Jung; Kim, Tae‐Young; Han, Seung Jin; Kim, Hae Jin; Kim, Dae Jung; Lee, Kwan‐Woo

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2011.01.010

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…AGE are typically generated in higher rates in diabetics due to altered glucose metabolism ( 46 ) . In our study, N 6-carboxymethlysine was decreased with RB consumption over time and increased in control diet consumers at 4 weeks, which is consistent with rice bran and whole grain brown rice having the ability to lower glucose and serum lipids in Type I and II diabetics ( 47 – 49 ) . Another stool metabolite of importance to diabetes control and CRC prevention is 2-hydroxyhippurate (salicylurate).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Heat-stabilised rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors modulates stool metabolite profiles and metabolic networks: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2017

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Rice bran (RB) consumption has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) growth in mice and modify the human stool microbiome. Changes in host and microbial metabolism induced by RB consumption was hypothesised to modulate the stool metabolite profile in favour of promoting gut health and inhibiting CRC growth. The objective was to integrate gut microbial metabolite profiles and identify metabolic pathway networks for CRC chemoprevention using non-targeted metabolomics. In all, nineteen CRC survivors participated in a parallel randomised controlled dietary intervention trial that included daily consumption of study-provided foods with heat-stabilised RB (30 g/d) or no additional ingredient (control). Stool samples were collected at baseline and 4 weeks and analysed using GC-MS and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS. Stool metabolomics revealed 93 significantly different metabolites in individuals consuming RB. A 264-fold increase in β-hydroxyisovaleroylcarnitine and 18-fold increase in β-hydroxyisovalerate exemplified changes in leucine, isoleucine and valine metabolism in the RB group. A total of thirty-nine stool metabolites were significantly different between RB and control groups, including increased hesperidin (28-fold) and narirutin (14-fold). Metabolic pathways impacted in the RB group over time included advanced glycation end products, steroids and bile acids. Fatty acid, leucine/valine and vitamin B6 metabolic pathways were increased in RB compared with control. There were 453 metabolites identified in the RB food metabolome, thirty-nine of which were identified in stool from RB consumers. RB consumption favourably modulated the stool metabolome of CRC survivors and these findings suggest the need for continued dietary CRC chemoprevention efforts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Heat-stabilised rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors modulates stool metabolite profiles and metabolic networks: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2017

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“…Previous studies have shown that a high intake of BR is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in humans (14,38,39), although the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The results of the current study indicate that BR significantly decreased blood glucose levels (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown Rice and Its Component, γ-Oryzanol, Attenuate the Preference for High-Fat Diet by Decreasing Hypothalamic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice

et al. 2012

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Brown rice is known to improve glucose intolerance and prevent the onset of diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. In the current study, we investigated the effect of brown rice and its major component, γ-oryzanol (Orz), on feeding behavior and fuel homeostasis in mice. When mice were allowed free access to a brown rice–containing chow diet (CD) and a high-fat diet (HFD), they significantly preferred CD to HFD. To reduce hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on an HFD, mice were administered with 4-phenylbutyric acid, a chemical chaperone, which caused them to prefer the CD. Notably, oral administration of Orz, a mixture of major bioactive components in brown rice, also improved glucose intolerance and attenuated hypothalamic ER stress in mice fed the HFD. In murine primary neuronal cells, Orz attenuated the tunicamycin-induced ER stress. In luciferase reporter assays in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, Orz suppressed the activation of ER stress–responsive cis-acting elements and unfolded protein response element, suggesting that Orz acts as a chemical chaperone in viable cells. Collectively, the current study is the first demonstration that brown rice and Orz improve glucose metabolism, reduce hypothalamic ER stress, and, consequently, attenuate the preference for dietary fat in mice fed an HFD.

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“…Heat-stabilized rice bran (SRB) is a nutrient-dense and phytochemical-rich food ingredient that is not widely consumed, but is gaining attention for its potential to help prevent multiple chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease [ 1 ], type 2 diabetes [ 2 , 3 ], metabolic syndrome [ 1 , 4 , 5 ] and cancer [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Heat stabilization increases the shelf life of rice bran through inactivation of rancidity-inducing lipases and lipoxygenases, while retaining bioactivity [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Dietary Intervention with Heat-Stabilized Rice Bran Modulates Stool Microbiota and Metabolites in Healthy Adults

et al. 2015

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Heat-stabilized rice bran (SRB) has been shown to regulate blood lipids and glucose, modulate gut mucosal immunity and inhibit colorectal cancer in animal and human studies. However, SRB’s effects on gut microbial composition and metabolism and the resulting implications for health remain largely unknown. A pilot, randomized-controlled trial was developed to investigate the effects of eating 30 g/day SRB on the stool microbiome and metabolome. Seven healthy participants consumed a study meal and snack daily for 28 days. The microbiome and metabolome were characterized using 454 pyrosequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) at baseline, two and four weeks post-intervention. Increases in eight operational taxonomic units (OTUs), including three from Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus genera, were observed after two and four weeks of SRB consumption (p < 0.01). Branched chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids and eleven other putative microbial metabolites were significantly elevated in the SRB group after four weeks. The largest metabolite change was a rice bran component, indole-2-carboxylic acid, which showed a mean 12% increase with SRB consumption. These data support the feasibility of dietary SRB intervention in adults and support that SRB consumption can affect gut microbial metabolism. These findings warrant future investigations of larger cohorts evaluating SRB’s effects on intestinal health.

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Intake of brown rice lees reduces waist circumference and improves metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Heat-stabilised rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors modulates stool metabolite profiles and metabolic networks: a randomised controlled trial

Heat-stabilised rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors modulates stool metabolite profiles and metabolic networks: a randomised controlled trial

Brown Rice and Its Component, γ-Oryzanol, Attenuate the Preference for High-Fat Diet by Decreasing Hypothalamic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice

Pilot Dietary Intervention with Heat-Stabilized Rice Bran Modulates Stool Microbiota and Metabolites in Healthy Adults

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