Intake of conjugated eicosapentaenoic acid suppresses lipid accumulation in liver and epididymal adipose tissue in rats

Abstract

It has been reported that consumption of CLA and EPA alters lipid metabolism. CLA contains conjugated double bonds, and EPA is an n-3 PUFA. Based on the possibility that a molecule with both of these structures might have interesting physiological effects, we prepared conjugated FA from EPA by alkaline isomerization and examined the effects of the conjugated EPA (CEPA) on lipid metabolism in rats. Rats were fed by oral gavage every day for 4 wk with 200 mg of FA including linoleic acid, EPA, CLA, or CEPA. Compared with other groups, rats fed CEPA showed a significant weight loss in epididymal adipose tissue and significant decreases in the levels of liver TAG and total cholesterol (TC), indicating reduced accumulation of lipid in the liver and adipose tissue. The plasma levels of TAG, TC, FFA, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in rats fed CEPA were reduced, as was the activity of the FA synthesis system in the liver, whereas the FA-beta-oxidation system was activated by CEPA. These results suggest that intake of CEPA suppresses lipid accumulation in the liver and epididymal adipose tissue while increasing lipid catabolism in rats.

Down-regulation in muscle and liver lipogenic genes: EPA ethyl ester treatment in lean and overweight (high-fat-fed) rats

“…Previous studies described that EPA consumption increases the physiological activity of liver and adipose tissue fatty acid oxidation [35,48]. This effect was assumed in our study because of the significant rise found in serum ketone bodies under both high-fat-diet intake [49] and EPA ethyl ester treatment.…”

“…Numerous studies have shown that ω-3 fatty acids, especially EPA, reduced plasma lipid levels in human and experimental animal models [5,34], mainly through changes in fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation pathways [8,35]. For this purpose, the aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms through which EPA ethyl ester improves lipid metabolism in an experimental animal model of obesity induced by high-fat (cafeteria) diet.…”

High Dietary Fat Intake during Lactation Promotes Development of Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Offspring of Mice

“…The lipid compositions in serum and liver were measured as described previously (11,12). Triacylglycerol (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in serum and liver, and phospholipid (PL), non-esterified acid (NEFA) and glucose levels in serum were measured using commercial enzyme kits (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan) Fig.…”

High-fat diet intake accelerates aging, increases expression of Hsd11b1, and promotes lipid accumulation in liver of SAMP10 mouse

“…The lipid compositions in the liver and plasma were measured as described previously (Tsuzuki et al 2005;Tsuzuki et al 2006). Triacylglycerol (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in plasma and liver, and phospholipid (PL), free fatty acid (FFA), and glucose levels in plasma were measured using commercial enzyme kits (Wako Pure Chemical, Osaka, Japan) according to the manufacturer's protocol.…”