Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats

Chen, Mingyi; Xiao, Dan; Wen, Li‐Rong; Song, Yunfei; Zou, Baorong; Li, Lin; Li, Pei; Cai, Ying; Liu, Deliang; Liao, Qiongfeng; Xie, Zenghong

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.047

Cited by 159 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…via single or multiple injections of varying dosages, ranging from 25 to 45 mg/kg BW in rats and 40 to 100 mg/kg BW in mice. [185][186][187][188][189] As an example, Mansor et al 183 191 At the end of the experimental protocol, the animals displayed frank hyperglycaemia (>300 mg/dl), marked dyslipidaemia, hepatic fibrosis and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction with subsequent insulinopenia. 191 Interestingly, in addition to signs of cardiovascular injury, these animals developed microvascular angiopathies, namely, nephropathy, retinopathy and behavioural signs of peripheral neuropathy.…”

Section: Prediabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This toxin is usually administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) via single or multiple injections of varying dosages, ranging from 25 to 45 mg/kg BW in rats and 40 to 100 mg/kg BW in mice 185–189 . As an example, Mansor et al 183 showed that low doses (15–25 mg/kg BW) of STZ in Wistar rats, following 3 weeks of HFD feeding (60% calories from fat), induced a T2DM phenotype, whereas 30 mg/kg BW of STZ more closely recapitulated type 1 diabetes.…”

Section: Diet‐induced Rodent Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet‐induced rodent models of obesity‐related metabolic disorders—A guide to a translational perspective

et al. 2020

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Diet is a critical element determining human health and diseases, and unbalanced food habits are major risk factors for the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Despite technological and pharmacological advances, as well as intensification of awareness campaigns, the prevalence of metabolic disorders worldwide is still increasing. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches with increased efficacy are urgently required, which often depends on cellular and molecular investigations using robust animal models. In the absence of perfect rodent models, those induced by excessive consumption of fat and sugars better replicate the key aspects that are the root causes of human metabolic diseases. However, the results obtained using these models cannot be directly compared, particularly because of the use of different dietary protocols, and animal species and strains, among other confounding factors. This review article revisits diet-induced models of obesity and related metabolic disorders, namely, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A critical analysis focused on the main pathophysiological features of rodent models, as opposed to the criteria defined for humans, is provided as a practical guide with a translational perspective for the establishment of animal models of obesity-related metabolic diseases.

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Section: Prediabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diet‐induced Rodent Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet‐induced rodent models of obesity‐related metabolic disorders—A guide to a translational perspective

et al. 2020

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“…In another study, the administration of a commercial EO mixture, containing cinnamaldehyde, isophorone and eugenol significantly increased the relative abundance of phyla Bacteroidetes and decreased the abundance of phyla Firmicutes in cecal microbiota of chickens, with an increase in the relative abundance of genus of Alistipes, Rikenellaceae, Roseburia, and Anaeroplasma. This microbioma changes was confirmed by more than hundred different metabolites detected in cecum of EO treated animals, probably linked to their improved growth performances [141,142].…”

Section: Eubiotic Proprieties Of Eos On Gut Microbiota Of Animals Andmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Similar results were obtained in a rat model of type 2 diabetes, in which G. lucidum treatment reduced the relative abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebacterium and Proteus, and increased the levels of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. Microbiome analysis indicated that Reishi treatment could also restore the microbial metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, inflammatory substances and nucleic acids, altered by the obesity status [141,142]. Taken together, these results indicate that G. lucidum and particularly its high molecular weight polysaccharides may be effectively used as prebiotic agents to prevent gut dysbiosis and obesity-related metabolic disorders, at least in obese rodents.…”

Section: Microbiota-modulating Fungimentioning

confidence: 81%

Natural Compounds in the Modulation of the Intestinal Microbiota: Implications in Human Physiology and Pathology

Spisni¹,

Turroni²,

Shahaj³

et al. 2021

Alternative Medicine - Update

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Clinical interest in the human gut microbiota has increased considerably, because of the increasing number of studies linking the human intestinal microbiota and microbiome to an ever increasing number of non-communicable diseases. Many attempts at modulating the gut microbiota have been made using probiotics and prebiotics. However, there are other avenues that are still little explored from a clinical point of view that appear promising to obtain modifications of the microbial ecology and biological activities connected to the microbiome. This chapter summarizes all in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies demonstrating the possibility to positively modulate the intestinal microbiota by using probiotics, foods (and prebiotics), essential oils, fungus and officinal plants. For the future, clinical studies investigating the ability to modify the intestinal microbiota especially by using foods, officinal and aromatic plants or their extracts are required. More knowledge in this field is likely to be of clinical benefit since modulation of the microbiome might support the therapy of most non-communicable diseases in the future.

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“…A more comprehensive study in this area is however required though the trend is similar with the antiobesity, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic effects of polysaccharides isolated from higher fungi like Ganoderma lucidum [79][80][81]. Associated with obesity and diabetes pathology is also the altered gut microbiota composition which other mushroom polysaccharides like those from G. lucidum have also been shown normalize [82,83].…”

Section: General Summary and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemistry, Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of the Edible Mushroom Dictyophora indusiata (Vent ex. Pers.) Fischer (Synn. Phallus indusiatus)

Habtemariam

2019

Biomedicines

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Dictyophora indusiata (Vent. Ex. Pers.) Fischer or Phallus indusiatus is an edible member of the higher mushroom phylum of Basidiomycetes. Known for its morphological elegance that gave it the names bridal veil fungus, veiled lady or queen of the mushrooms, it has numerous medicinal values that are beginning to be acknowledged through pharmacological efficacy studies. In an attempt to promote research on this valuable natural resource, the present communication aims to provide a comprehensive review of the chemistry, pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of extracts and compounds isolated from D. indusiata. Of the bioactive compounds, the chemistry of the polysaccharides as major bioactive components primarily the β-(1→3)-D-glucan with side branches of β-(1→6)-glucosyl units are discussed, while small molecular weight compounds include terpenoids and alkaloids. Biochemical and cellular mechanisms of action from general antioxidant and anti-inflammatory to more specific signaling mechanisms are outlined along with potential applications in cancer and immunotherapy, neurodegenerative and chronic inflammatory diseases, etc. Further research areas and limitations of the current scientific data are also highlighted.Biomedicines 2019, 7, 98 2 of 21 have been reported [3]. The composition of carbohydrates can reach up to 47% of the dry weight of which the soluble polysaccharides are about 38%, while crude fibres and crude proteins contents are about 29% and 6% respectively [1]. In this communication, the emphasis is on the compositions of the fruiting body far beyond nutritional source with a focus on their pharmacologically active components and their therapeutic implications. In this connection, considerable attention has been given to the major components of the fungus, the polysaccharides, while small molecular weight drug-like molecules such as terpenoids and alkaloids have not been extensively studied. The chemistry and biological significance of all the bioactive compounds known from D. indusiata are herein scrutinised.Biomedicines 2020, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 21 have been reported [3]. The composition of carbohydrates can reach up to 47% of the dry weight of which the soluble polysaccharides are about 38%, while crude fibres and crude proteins contents are about 29% and 6% respectively [1]. In this communication, the emphasis is on the compositions of the fruiting body far beyond nutritional source with a focus on their pharmacologically active components and their therapeutic implications. In this connection, considerable attention has been given to the major components of the fungus, the polysaccharides, while small molecular weight drug-like molecules such as terpenoids and alkaloids have not been extensively studied. The chemistry and biological significance of all the bioactive compounds known from D. indusiata are herein scrutinised.

show abstract

Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats

Cited by 159 publications

References 51 publications

Diet‐induced rodent models of obesity‐related metabolic disorders—A guide to a translational perspective

Diet‐induced rodent models of obesity‐related metabolic disorders—A guide to a translational perspective

Natural Compounds in the Modulation of the Intestinal Microbiota: Implications in Human Physiology and Pathology

The Chemistry, Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of the Edible Mushroom Dictyophora indusiata (Vent ex. Pers.) Fischer (Synn. Phallus indusiatus)

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