Intakes of retinol and carotenoids and its determining factors in the Red River Delta population of northern Vietnam

Khan, Nguyen Cong; Mai, L B; Minh, Nguyễn Đức; T, T; Khoi, Ha Huy; West, C.E.; Hautvast, J.G.A.J.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602782

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This energy increase might have consequently induced higher micronutrient intakes as a previous study in Vietnam shows that non-poor Vietnamese households experienced an significant increases in calorie intake and dietary diversity during the period 1997/1998–2004 [35] while poor households did not experience such an increase. Furthermore, in Vietnam, the consumption of vitamin A has been positively correlated to the household expenditure [36] . As both iron and vitamin A deficiency are associated with anemia [37] , [38] , the better iron and retinol status in overweight women may also explain the higher haemoglobin concentration observed in overweight/obese Vietnamese women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Individual Double Burden of Overweight and Micronutrient Deficiencies among Vietnamese Women

Laillou¹,

Yakes

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundVietnamese Living Standard Surveys showed that the rate of overweight and obese in Vietnamese adults doubled between 1992 and 2002, from 2% to 5.5%, respectively with no significant difference in the proportions of overweight/obesity between men and women.ObjectivesConsidering the increasing public health concern over the double burden of malnutrition in Vietnam, we investigated micronutrient deficiencies among women of reproductive age according to their Body Mass Index.MethodsA transversal study was conducted in 2010 among 1530 women of reproductive age from 19 provinces. Participating women were asked to give a non-fasting blood sample for plasma iron, vitamin A, folate, vitamin B12 and zinc assessment.ResultsAlthough % body fat was associated with haemoglobin, ferritin, retinol and zinc concentrations, BMI category was only associated with marginal vitamin A status (19% among underweight vs 7% among overweight/obese; p<0.0001) and not with iron deficiency anemia, zinc deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency or folate status. The prevalence of iron, and vitamin B12 deficiencies was respectively 11.4% and 15% among the 20% overweight/obese women; prevalence of zinc deficiency and marginal/deficient folate status was much higher, affecting respectively 61.1% and 25.8%. Intra-individual double burden of malnutrition (overweight/obesity (OW) and micronutrient deficiency) was observed among 2.0% for OW-anemia, 2.3% OW-iron deficient, 3.0% for OW-Vitamin B12 deficiency, 12.2% for OW-Zinc deficiency and 5.2% for OW-marginal/deficient folate status.ConclusionsThis large, cross-sectional survey demonstrated that micronutrient deficiencies are an issue across the weight spectrum among women in Vietnam, with only vitamin A status being better among overweight than underweight women. It is therefore essential for Vietnam to actively prevent women of reproductive age from overweight/obesity and at same time to control micronutrient deficiencies in this population to limit their economic and health consequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Individual Double Burden of Overweight and Micronutrient Deficiencies among Vietnamese Women

Laillou¹,

Yakes

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Leafy vegetables and fruits were the main sources of provitamin A (carotenes) (95). Based on data from a total of 1001 households (771 in rural areas and 230 in urban areas) in the Red River Delta population of northern Vietnam, retinol intakes (mean 6 SD) were 101 6 275 and 201 6 470 mg/capitad 21 in rural and urban areas, respectively (96). Plants were the main source of vitamin A for the local population.…”

Section: Sources Of Vitamin a Supply In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans

Grune

Lietz

Palou

et al. 2010

The Journal of Nutrition

484

257

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Experts in the field of carotenoids met at the Hohenheim consensus conference in July 2009 to elucidate the current status of β-carotene research and to summarize the current knowledge with respect to the chemical properties, physiological function, and intake of β-carotene. The experts discussed 17 questions and reached an agreement formulated in a consensus answer in each case. These consensus answers are based on published valid data, which were carefully reviewed by the individual experts and are justified here by background statements. Ascertaining the impact of β-carotene on the total dietary intake of vitamin A is complicated, because the efficiency of conversion of β-carotene to retinol is not a single ratio and different conversion factors have been used in various surveys and following governmental recommendations within different countries. However, a role of β-carotene in fulfilling the recommended intake for vitamin A is apparent from a variety of studies. Thus, besides elucidating the various functions, distribution, and uptake of β-carotene, the consensus conference placed special emphasis on the provitamin A function of β-carotene and the role of β-carotene in the realization of the required/recommended total vitamin A intake in both developed and developing countries. There was consensus that β-carotene is a safe source of vitamin A and that the provitamin A function of β-carotene contributes to vitamin A intake.

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“…daily carotenoid intake of 4.178 µg (Khan et al, 2008). The intake of carotenoids was directly correlated with the family income.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Main food sources of carotenoids, according to the purpose and degree of processing, for beneficiaries of the 'Bolsa Família' in Brazil

Sartori¹,

Silva²

2014

Food Sci. Technol (Campinas)

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Intakes of retinol and carotenoids and its determining factors in the Red River Delta population of northern Vietnam

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Intra-Individual Double Burden of Overweight and Micronutrient Deficiencies among Vietnamese Women

Intra-Individual Double Burden of Overweight and Micronutrient Deficiencies among Vietnamese Women

β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans

Main food sources of carotenoids, according to the purpose and degree of processing, for beneficiaries of the 'Bolsa Família' in Brazil

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